雅思閱讀List of Heading做題方法小議

　　首先我們先審題干，也就是Heading的部分，找到關(guān)鍵詞后再移步到文章的部分。下面以第一段為例，帶大家一起來實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下。(首句、次句和末句已經(jīng)做了下劃線處理)

　　A survey conducted by Anthony Synott at Montreal’s Concordia University asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives. It became apparent that smell can evoke strong emotional responses. A scent associated with a good experience can bring a rush of joy, while a foul odour or one associated with a bad memory may make us grimace with disgust. Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be powerful enough so that odours that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals. The perception of smell, therefore, consists not only of the sensation of the odours themselves, but of the experience and emotions associated with them.

　　劃線部分為該段的首句、次句和末句，第一句的主干只有A survey asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives(氣味對(duì)于受調(diào)查者生活的重要性，到底是否重要、為什么重要、怎么重要之類的信息呼之欲出)。所以次句中提到smell can evoke strong emotional responses(氣味可以喚起強(qiáng)烈的情緒反應(yīng)，就算喚起evoke看不懂也知道氣味和情緒是有關(guān)聯(lián)的)。接下來的部分并不是說完全不讀，而是要速讀和略讀。并由此可知好的氣味與情緒和記憶的關(guān)系還有反面論證不好的氣味與情緒和記憶的關(guān)聯(lián)。最后看到本段的最后一句，有總結(jié)的標(biāo)志詞 (therefore) 還有轉(zhuǎn)折詞(but)，所以最核心的還是but后面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和情感與氣味密切相關(guān)。整段看完，反復(fù)渲染的不過是氣味和情感、經(jīng)歷、記憶的緊密關(guān)系?；仡^去看題干，唯一的選項(xiàng)是The relationship between smell and feelings，所以答案就浮出水面了。

　　Tip 2 優(yōu)先閱讀較短的段落

　　第二個(gè)建議的理論基礎(chǔ)是因?yàn)槎温漭^短的話，首句、次句和末句可能就是這一段的大部分內(nèi)容，中間速讀和略讀的部分自然就被壓縮了，也就是最小化了我們不是十足確定的部分，同時(shí)最大化了我們選對(duì)這個(gè)段落的主要內(nèi)容的可能性。這么做的好處是一石二鳥，不僅十分確定地做對(duì)了這一段，還消除了一些選項(xiàng)的干擾，使得后面的做題變得更加順利。接下來筆者也為大家來舉例實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下。

　　Smell, however, is a highly elusive phenomenon. Odours, unlike colours, for instance, cannot be named in many languages because the specific vocabulary simply does not exist. ‘It smells like … ’ we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. Nor can odours be recorded; there is no effective way to either capture or store them over time. In the realm of olfaction, we must make do with descriptions and recollections. This has implications for olfactory research.

　　請(qǐng)注意劃線部分，考生只需讀該段的首句和次句，基本上就可以判定這段的主要內(nèi)容了。當(dāng)然如果你有時(shí)間讀完自然是極好地，你會(huì)更加堅(jiān)定地發(fā)現(xiàn)后面的文字不過是對(duì)于首句和次句內(nèi)容的展開，并且包含了更多的細(xì)節(jié)。當(dāng)然選擇較短的段落的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于把整段都讀完了也許也花不到一分鐘的時(shí)間，但是建議大家在“亂花漸欲迷人眼”的信息當(dāng)中還是要以首句、次句和末句作為判斷的基準(zhǔn)。所以當(dāng)題干出現(xiàn)The difficult of talking about smells的時(shí)候，我們可以毫不猶豫地去選擇。因?yàn)槲恼聞澗€部分說了elusive(難以捉摸，難以言表的)，還有cannot be named并且原因是缺少這樣的vocabulary，所以我們只能說It smells like這樣的句子，可想而知描述氣味是多么的困難。