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如何借鑒寫作思路備考雅思閱讀?.

2017/08/07 05:19:03 編輯: 瀏覽次數(shù):189 移動(dòng)端

  以下是小編為大家搜索整理的如何如何借鑒寫作思路備考雅思閱讀的相關(guān)信息,雅思閱讀考試備考與寫作思路有一定的共性,大家可以相互借鑒參考。

  許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為,動(dòng)輒900-1000字的閱讀文章對(duì)于只有150和250字的雅思作文借鑒意義不大,事實(shí)上,兩者在主題、構(gòu)思、句式、用詞等方面有著很大的相似性。

  1. 主題性

  閱讀文章和雅思寫作題目涵蓋的范圍比較廣,具有極強(qiáng)的主題性,其重合話題有:環(huán)境、社會(huì)、教育三大方面。閱讀文章的內(nèi)容能幫助考生更好地理解題目的文化背景,積累觀點(diǎn)素材,在備考過程中,考生可以將這兩項(xiàng)結(jié)合起來。

  劍四test 2的reading passage 1“Lost for Words”極好的回答了雅思一道較難的文化類考題:what are the reasons for the loss of many cultures and languages? How to solve this problem?”

  許多學(xué)生因?yàn)槿鄙賹?duì)這一背景的了解而無從下手,我們完全可以看看這篇閱讀文章提供了哪些素材:

  1 “What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are. If it is spoken by children, it is relatively safe。”

  2 “…people reject the language of their parents… It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society…”

  3 “Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools, all to promote national unity。”

  4 “… They cannot ruse to speak English if most commercial activity is in English…”

  這些都是十分準(zhǔn)確而又全面的回答,說明了許多語言喪失的原因,甚至連語言喪失對(duì)于文化的連帶影響也有所涉及:“Language is also intimately bound with culture, so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other。”

  這篇文章在后文也對(duì)如何解決這一問題做出了回答:“ …a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direst prediction from coming true….’apprentice’ programs have provided life support t several indigenous languages。”

  值得注意的是,這篇閱讀文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是遵循“背景—原因—解決方式”的架構(gòu)來安排的,對(duì)于寫作結(jié)構(gòu)也有很好的架構(gòu)作用。

  2.流程圖的描述

  2010年雅思寫作Task I圖畫題頻現(xiàn),許多學(xué)生不太熟悉流程圖,對(duì)于如何描述其過程極為擔(dān)心。其實(shí)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),這樣的句式在說明型的閱讀文章中屢見不鮮,這類閱讀文章常常涉及某個(gè)事物的發(fā)展過程或者制作方式,其遣詞造句都是可以進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和利用。獲得更多雅思考試咨詢點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入>>>>澳際免費(fèi)咨詢顧問或聯(lián)系QQ客服:

  劍五Test 2 Reading passage 1是一篇關(guān)于對(duì)現(xiàn)代塑料的說明文章,其中有一段就是對(duì)塑料制作過程的描述,很多句式都可以“拿來我用”。

  首先是對(duì)這一流程的總體概括“The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle。” 我們可以根據(jù)這個(gè)句式來描寫2009年9月一道關(guān)于玻璃瓶子回收過程的題目,

  如:“A three-stage process is outlined, in which the used bottles are collected and re-produced in the plant. “

  接著,制作過程中的細(xì)節(jié)按照先后順序鋪開,并結(jié)合被動(dòng)語態(tài)與準(zhǔn)確的動(dòng)詞選擇:“The resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground into powder. Other substances were then introduced, including…. . In the last stage, the heated Bakelite was poured into a hollow mould of the required shape …”,其中的”cool, break, grind, pour”等動(dòng)詞都是在工作流程中的高頻詞匯?!皌hen, in the last stage”也可以作為極好的連接過渡詞。

  劍五Test 4 Reading passage 2關(guān)于強(qiáng)化玻璃的說明文中也有類似的描述句式:“… used to make glass, and nickel can also be introduced by fragments of nickel alloys falling into the molten glass. As the glass is heated, these atoms react to form …”

  其中的“be used to, introduce, melt, heat”也都可以用在描述中。

  3.圖表的描述

  由于閱讀文章中也不乏對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)的說明,我們也很容易找到可以在雅思圖表作文中使用的句式。

  劍四 Test 2 Reading passage 2中的一段“According to…, 18% of patients…; 12% suffer from…, which is only 1% more than those…. . Those suffering from… represents 7% of their patients, and candida sufferers represent an equal percentage. … represent 6% and 5% respectively, and a further 4% see… “

  這是一段很好的排序段范例,在描寫數(shù)據(jù)的同時(shí)也比較了大小,句式變化多樣,考生也不妨學(xué)習(xí)一下。

  4.辯論文章觀點(diǎn)的表述

  盡管沒有與雅思寫作辯論文章完全對(duì)應(yīng)的形式,閱讀文章中也有很多可以效仿的觀點(diǎn)表述句式,與學(xué)生動(dòng)輒“some people think…”的單調(diào)表述相比,其表達(dá)生動(dòng)多樣。在此進(jìn)行了一些總結(jié):

  如“… reject this, pointing out that… ”, “When it comes to…,…”, “… believe the main reason for… is…”, “there is a widespread beli that…”, “It was once assumed that…. . However,…”, “There is an abundance of evidence to support the beli that…” , “the answer to… depends on…”,等。

  總之,作為較為正式的英文表達(dá),雅思閱讀是極好的寫作模仿對(duì)象??忌梢詮拈喿x文章里汲取許多好的句式,以克服在日常寫作中“中式英語”的問題。

  5. 用詞

  雅思寫作對(duì)詞匯的要求主要是準(zhǔn)確性和多樣性,許多學(xué)生對(duì)這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒有明確的認(rèn)識(shí)和把握,而在閱讀文章中可以很清楚地了解到什么樣的詞匯更適合書面表達(dá)。

  1) 開頭:

  劍四Test1Reading passage1: “Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests.”

  這是一個(gè)很好的聯(lián)系實(shí)際的開頭模式,“be confronted with”這一詞組可以應(yīng)用于很多主題,當(dāng)下的熱點(diǎn)問題如犯罪、環(huán)境、教育、工作甚至科技所帶來的變化等,如:

  “Modern people are confronted with drastic changes brought about by high technology …”

  再如劍六G類Section A Reading passage 3的開頭:“Per capita water usage has been on an upward trend for many years.” 可以用來代替在學(xué)生中過于“流行”的一種開頭模式“more and more…”,如:

  “The number of people who choose distance-learning has been on an upward trend…”

  由于閱讀文章和寫作文章有許多相似的背景和主題,在思路枯竭時(shí),不妨學(xué)習(xí)一下閱讀文章盡快切入主題。

  2) 主體部分

  閱讀文章在提及同一意思時(shí),常會(huì)用同義詞來表達(dá),這點(diǎn)很值得考生學(xué)習(xí),如提及環(huán)境脆弱時(shí),會(huì)用到“fragile, vulnerable”等不同的詞語進(jìn)行說明,以下是對(duì)于一些閱讀中常見同義詞的總結(jié),這些都可以在寫作中有所運(yùn)用:

  incorporate… into… / integrate… with…/ combine … with… 將……與……結(jié)合

  consistent with/ comply with/ in accordance with/ correspond with/ conform to/compatible with 與……一致,相符

  comprise/ include/ involve/ consist of 包括

  trigger/ ignite/ give birth to/breed 產(chǎn)生

  cope with/ tackle/ combat/ address 解決

  object to/ disapprove/ oppose 反對(duì)

  independent of/ regardless of/ free from 不管,不受……干擾

  ascribe … to…/ attribute… to…/blame…on/for 把……歸咎于……

  當(dāng)然這只是眾多同義替換詞中很少的一部分,考生可以在閱讀文章及做題時(shí)留心這些單詞,并予以模仿,更好地滿足寫作的需要。

  3) 結(jié)尾部分

  文章進(jìn)行到這里,許多學(xué)生自覺捉襟見肘,江郎才盡,難以下筆,閱讀文章再次給了我們一些新的思路和啟示。

  如09.7.23的一道寫作題目“Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism? What changes would you like to see in the new century?”

  巧合的是,劍五Test 1 Reading Passage 3 的結(jié)尾與這道題目契合度很高,“It is crucial that we look at the facts if we want to make the best possible solutions for the future. It may be costly to be overly optimistic – but more costly still to be too pessimistic.”

  曾有學(xué)生回憶自己寫作高分心得時(shí)提到有些觀點(diǎn)和句式都是來自于雅思閱讀文章,而且在模仿過程中,自己的文章也越來越地道;另外寫作的構(gòu)思和對(duì)句法的把握,也有利于對(duì)閱讀文章的理解。

  以上即是如何借鑒寫作思路備考雅思閱讀的全部內(nèi)容,大家在備考雅思閱讀時(shí)可以借鑒以上所提到的內(nèi)容,以便更好的應(yīng)對(duì)。

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