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GRE Issue高頻提綱——政治類(lèi)(四).

2017/08/09 20:48:59 編輯: 瀏覽次數(shù):327 移動(dòng)端

  180."Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."

  4. 政治與道德

  169."Those who treat politics and morality as though they were separate realms fail to understand either the one or the other."

  43."To be an fective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."

  a) 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的使命決定了更重要的不是道德,而是他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力,協(xié)調(diào)能力,處理危機(jī)的能力,道德上有點(diǎn)問(wèn)題不妨礙他們成為有效的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。public official’s primary duty is to expand the wealth, prosperity and influence of the community, not to be a moral leader who is ought to care only about the morality of people// Clinton&aposs sex scandal &the marital discretions of President Kennedy

  b) 作為public official,擁有一定的道德素質(zhì)有利于樹(shù)立威信,比如Martin Luther King和Gandhi防止權(quán)利腐敗。

  c) 過(guò)多的道德要求會(huì)影響他們做出最有利于community的決策./杜魯門(mén)Truman廣島長(zhǎng)崎投原子彈,挽救了多少美國(guó)士兵的生命,提前結(jié)束了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

  5. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者本身素質(zhì):

  24."People in positions of power are most fective when they exercise caution and restraint in the use of that power."

  152."The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies."

  a) 為公司賺錢(qián)的確是corporate executives的responsibility之一,因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)要發(fā)展下去是離不開(kāi)錢(qián)的(給員工發(fā)工資需要錢(qián),為公司作宣傳打廣告要錢(qián),開(kāi)發(fā)新產(chǎn)品新技術(shù)要錢(qián),國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展也需要各個(gè)企業(yè)能夠有盈利。比如WAL-MART的盈利帶來(lái)了就業(yè),也給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了稅收,這個(gè)稅收可以是更多人獲益。

  b) 但是賺錢(qián)不是唯一responsibility, 對(duì)企業(yè)自身來(lái)說(shuō),give employees motives, 給員工提供良好的工作環(huán)境,為員工塑造融洽的人際關(guān)系氛圍,給予員工發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)?!具@里引用赫茨伯格的雙因素激勵(lì)理論】對(duì)與社會(huì)來(lái)說(shuō),一個(gè)公司屬于社會(huì)的一部分,所以除了賺錢(qián),corporate executives 還有責(zé)任回報(bào)社會(huì),做一些慈善事業(yè)【charity undertaking】取之于民,用之于民。這樣不僅可以樹(shù)立公司良好的社會(huì)形象,還可以幫助需要幫助的人。而且也體現(xiàn)社會(huì)對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體的關(guān)注。

  c) 企業(yè)使用了一部分社會(huì)資源,如:污染、有限的能源、人力資本,有責(zé)任為社會(huì)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。如:幫助治理污染、開(kāi)發(fā)先進(jìn)的節(jié)能設(shè)備。

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