GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)答案不必“面面俱到”.

　　作為世界上最難的語(yǔ)法考試，GMAT考試對(duì)語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)的考查早已超過(guò)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)本身，具有很強(qiáng)的綜合性和很大的迷惑性。由于考查范圍廣、出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)多、原則多樣化，雖然語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)部分看起來(lái)容易把握，但在實(shí)際解題過(guò)程中，考生經(jīng)常顧此失彼，在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)間徘徊猶豫半天依然難以確定最終答案。GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)的難度一方面來(lái)自題干，另一方面來(lái)自選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲覀円揽窟x項(xiàng)之間的差別來(lái)獲得信息、尋求提示，其實(shí)這就反映了GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)答案的特點(diǎn)——矮子里拔將軍，也就是需要我們善于運(yùn)用排除法，挑選出相對(duì)準(zhǔn)確而有效的那一個(gè)。下面我們通過(guò)幾個(gè)例子深入體會(huì)一下。

　　1. Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids.

　　(A)with atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids

　　(B)with atmospheric water vapor producing highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids

　　(C)and atmospheric water vapor which has produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids

　　(D)and atmospheric water vapor which have produced sulfuric and nitric acids which are highly corrosive

　　(E)and atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids

　　這道題目的考查對(duì)象為between…and…這一常見(jiàn)的固定搭配，用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)，本題對(duì)考生的干擾主要在于sulfur dioxide和nitrogen oxides中間已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)and，有些考生就想到GMAT語(yǔ)法要求句子簡(jiǎn)明，那么連用and肯定不合適，首先將C，D和E排除掉了。但是如果用with，整句話邏輯關(guān)系不通，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)然要比用詞重復(fù)嚴(yán)重得多，相比之下還是選擇使語(yǔ)意合乎邏輯的選項(xiàng)，正確答案為E。我們不選C和D的理由并不是由于句子不簡(jiǎn)潔，而是其邏輯關(guān)系有誤。

　　2. A majority of the international journalists surveyed view nuclear power stations as unsafe at present but that they will，or could，be made sufficiently safe in the future.

　　(A)that they will，or could,

　　(B)that they would，or could,

　　(C)they will be or could,

　　(D)think that they will be or could

　　(E)think the power stations would or could

　　題干中的but表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，在對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較時(shí)A，B，C比較容易吸引考生眼球，因?yàn)樗鼈兣c劃線句相似，D和E憑空多出個(gè)think，讓人感覺(jué)難以接受，但是如果僅僅以這個(gè)理由進(jìn)行排除顯然是證據(jù)不足的。我們應(yīng)該先分析原句結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住主線，該句屬于平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式，D和E中的think與view在意思上形成對(duì)應(yīng)，所以我們不應(yīng)對(duì)這兩個(gè)答案帶有任何偏見(jiàn)，而應(yīng)一視同仁。根據(jù)GMAT語(yǔ)法原則，不能隨意省略成分，否則句意就會(huì)出現(xiàn)ambiguity。比較五個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有D的句意表達(dá)最完整。而為什么要使用think一詞我們大可不必去追究，這只是無(wú)關(guān)痛癢的小問(wèn)題。

　　3. Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke too irritating to be drawn into the lungs.

　　(A) Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke

　　(B) Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco is cured by age-old methods, yielding an alkaline smoke

　　(C) Unlike cigarette tobacco, which yields an acid smoke, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke

　　(D) Differing from cigarettes’ acid smoke, pipe tobacco’s alkaline smoke, cured by age-old methods, is

　　(E) The alkaline smoke of pipe tobacco differs from cigarettes’ acid smoke in that it is cured by age-old methods and is

　　解答本題時(shí)首先排除的是D答案，因?yàn)閐iffer from不能用在句首。本題的正確答案為C，但是很多考生的目光都是在C上暫作停留就轉(zhuǎn)向其他選項(xiàng)了。原因是C中連用了兩個(gè)yield，這樣的句子毫無(wú)美感可言，缺乏變化。可是千萬(wàn)別忘記考慮到句子重心問(wèn)題，其他幾個(gè)答案都是把句子重心搞錯(cuò)了，smoke和cigarette對(duì)應(yīng)有誤，這可是大禁忌，比起這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)，用詞重復(fù)還算得了什么呢?

　　綜上所述，選擇GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)答案時(shí)我們應(yīng)牢記“沒(méi)有最好，只有更好”，很少有一個(gè)答案是完美的，可以面面俱到的，我們所要選擇的是相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)錯(cuò)誤最小的，最能清楚有效表達(dá)句意的。最后希望大家都能在GMAT考試中取得佳績(jī)。