英文中常見的介詞搭配錯誤

介詞在英語語言中的作用很多：

? 表位置：where something is (prepositions of place)

e.g. on the table, at the bus stop, against the wall;

?表運動方向：the movement of something (prepositions of movement)

e.g. towards Madrid, over the bridge;

? 表時間：when something happens (prepositions of time)

e.g. at half past eight, on Christmas Day;

? 表邏輯關(guān)系：relationships between things, such as cause and effect

e.g. because of, result from

介詞常見錯誤：介詞這一類短小而有用的詞因為在漢語中沒有對應(yīng)的詞類，所以總是學習無法。這里討論五個在寫作中最常出錯的介詞，而它們出錯的原因也大致相同，誤把介詞用作動詞。

【以下所有加星號*例句都是錯誤范例】

1. Through

* The cat through the cat flap and disappeared behind the door. 貓穿過貓洞消失在門后。

常見錯誤是誤用做動詞“通過，穿過”，正確用法是搭配相應(yīng)動詞：

go/ filter/ pass/ run/ walk/ get/ see/ read through

2. With/ Without

*Students without difficulties to get a high-paid job if they study scientific majors.

常見錯誤是誤用做動詞“有”和“沒有”，被偷換來同意替換“don't have”，正確用法是構(gòu)成 with/ without+n./doing結(jié)構(gòu)，做定語或者狀語。

eg：Students could get a high-paid job without difficulties. 作狀語

Students with a dgree of science could get a high-paid job. 作定語

3. Beyond

*The exercise beyond the abilities of most of the class. 練習超出了學生的能力。常見錯誤是誤用做“超出”，正確用法是

1). “超出”：搭配be等系動詞動詞或其他實義動詞：go beyond常見固定搭配：go/be beyond sb—— to be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or do 使某人無法想象（或理解、做等）

eg：What seems beyond dispute is that……

2). “除……以外”

eg：She's got nothing beyond her state pension. 除了政府發(fā)的養(yǎng)老金外，她什么都沒有。

4. Against

* I against the point that……

常見錯誤是誤用做“反對”，正確用法是搭配be等系動詞動詞或其他實義動詞以及它們的名詞形式：

fight/ argue/ vote/ rebel/campaign/ appeal against（V+against）

argument/ campaign/ protest against （N+against）

eg：The evidence is against him. 證據(jù)對他不利。Are we insured against theft? 我們保了盜竊險沒有？

5. Under

*Their eggs under the reeds which protect them from being found.

常見錯誤是誤用做“位于…下方”，正確用法是搭配be等系動詞動詞或用在固定搭配中：

under an agreement, under condition, under dispute, under law

eg: The hotel is still under construction. 旅館還在興建中。