雅思作文語法專項講解--獨立主格

國內(nèi)考試語法部分十分看重，對于語法的考察已是老生常談。很多考生慶幸雅思考試不設(shè)針對語法專項考試，但語法依舊不可小覷，雅思考試中其實處處體現(xiàn)語法要求，比如作文。本文就給大家介紹英語語法結(jié)構(gòu)中獨立主格的用法，備考雅思的同學(xué)們一起學(xué)習(xí)下。

1. 名詞/主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞。名詞/主格代詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間主謂關(guān)系(主動)。如：

The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know whatto say.

姑娘兩眼望著他，他不知道說什么好。

Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.如果時間允許的話，我們明天去郊游。

John being away, Harry had to do the work.

由于約翰不在，哈里就得做這個工作。

Miss Yang being our English teacher, we'll have a happy time this term.

楊小姐當(dāng)我們的英語老師，本學(xué)期我們將會很愉快。

He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit, nevermoving, his dusty face masking his age.

他一動不動地坐在他們面前，穿著一套普通的、不合身的西服，他滿面灰塵，讓人看不出他的年齡。

2. 名詞/主格代詞+過去分詞。名詞/主格代詞與過去分詞之間的動賓關(guān)系(被動)。如：

The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has beenimproved.

隨著問題的解決，質(zhì)量已經(jīng)提高了。

Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't seethe words on the blackboard.

由于眼鏡摔壞了，她看不見黑板上的字。

She gazed, her hands clasped to her breast.

她凝視著，雙手叉在胸前。

3. 名詞/主格代詞+不定式。名詞/主格代詞與不定式之間是主謂關(guān)系，可表將來，強調(diào)一次具體性的動作。如：

He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.

借助于一些舊零件，他要做一個飛機模型。

They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to thebookstore.

他們道別后，一個回了家，一個去了書店。

Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out nextmonth.這是頭兩卷，第三卷下個月出版。

So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed.

有如此多的人來幫助他，他一定會成功的。

A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, othersto adjust his girdle, and so on.

許多官員尾隨皇帝之后，有的拎著皇帝的衣袍，有的則給他整腰帶等。

4. 名詞/主格代詞+形容詞(形容詞(短語)說明前面名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài))。如：

An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.

那架飛機遭遇了空難，無一人生還。

So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.

這么多人缺席，會議不得不取消。

She appeared in front of us, her face bright with joy.

她出現(xiàn)在我們面前，臉上閃耀著快活的神色。

He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.

他坐在前排，嘴半開著。

The floor wet and slippery, we stayed outside.

由于地板又濕又滑，我們呆在屋外。

5. 名詞/主格代詞+副詞(副詞也多是說明前面名詞或代詞的狀態(tài))。如：

He put on his sweater wrong side out.

他把毛衣穿反了。

The meeting over, they all went home.

會議一結(jié)束，他們就都回家了。