SAT單詞講解:態(tài)度性重點(diǎn)單詞總結(jié).

一態(tài)度單詞容量

態(tài)度題單詞是整個(gè)考試當(dāng)中重量最重的一部分,這里所謂的態(tài)度單詞是廣義的單詞.下面我們先 重點(diǎn)介紹看考察頻率比較高而且容易出錯(cuò)的一些態(tài)度題單詞,在填空題和閱讀題中考察的重點(diǎn),然后串講態(tài)度題單詞,并輔以練習(xí)題進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練.

二 學(xué)習(xí)要求

對態(tài)度題單詞要注重情景掌握,當(dāng)然有些情景可能是需要你通過做題才能把握的,那么很遺憾, 你要背過這道題.

三重難點(diǎn)單詞串講

1. Acquisitive: 貪得無厭的，eager to acquire and possess things especially material possessions or ideas，帶有方向性的動(dòng)詞在加形容詞詞尾之后就很容易變?yōu)橘H義色彩的詞語，表示這個(gè)動(dòng)作的幅度太強(qiáng)烈，如這樣的詞語有acquire--- acquisitive(貪得無厭的)，assert--- assertive（自以為是的），inquire--- inquisitive (因相當(dāng)好奇而打破沙鍋問到低的)，demonstrate---demonstrative （感情外露的），furt（詞根偷）--- furtive（偷偷摸摸的）imperative（急需的，Prompt action is imperative果斷行動(dòng)是必要的），incise--- incisive（一針見血的），intrusive 讓人煩的侵?jǐn)_，invective 侮辱的，rest－restive（難以駕馭的）

acquisitive<> ascetic/ stoic

ascetic: living without any physical pleasures or comforts, especially for religious reasons 禁欲的,很好想象,像和尚之類的就是絕對的ascetic…

2. Aggressive: (1) having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends (不達(dá)目的誓不罷休的意思,在事情上就是做絕了;對人來說就是相當(dāng)有進(jìn)取心)

(2) characteristic of an enemy or a situation or one eager to fight (好侵略,富有侵略性的)

兩個(gè)詞義其實(shí)是相通的,因?yàn)閹в羞M(jìn)取心的人一般來說都是帶有侵略性的.

(3) more severe ,intensive or comprehensive than usual especially in dosage or extent(程度范圍比正常狀況下要大)

情景(對人): 因?yàn)樯疃鴦?chuàng)造，因?yàn)閯?chuàng)造而生活。人的一生都在自我實(shí)現(xiàn)著，一旦創(chuàng)造停止，也就失去了存在的意義，因此我們要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造地生活著。這種態(tài)度就是 aggressive

eg: The usually__ CEO shocked his employees by severely overeating to the jocular tease made by one of his subordinates.

(A) demanding

(B) inarticulate

(C) aggressive

(D) persuasive

(E) composed

3.Affected: speaking or behaving in an artificial way to make an impression.

嫌疑人：林志玲

紅極臺(tái)灣的林志玲天生媚氣，一張口就是甜美嬌嗲的聲音，溫柔入骨。但大陸網(wǎng)民可看不慣，成群結(jié)隊(duì)地炮轟她惡心做作。有人更是譏諷地說，如果雞皮疙瘩 能賣錢，那她下輩子的生計(jì)都不用愁了。她的做作是因?yàn)椋篠he speaks in an affectedly sweet voice at all time.

裝腔作勢的做作：airs and graces

嫌疑人：章子怡

盛名之下的章子怡人紅是非多，每次出現(xiàn)總是風(fēng)光無限，也因此惹來不少非議和質(zhì)疑。許多人認(rèn)為她狂妄大膽，喜歡擺架子耍大牌，總是一副裝腔作勢的模 樣。所以她被認(rèn)為：She always puts on airs (and graces) in front of cameras.

affected<>natural

注意! disaffected: 是心懷不滿的意思,和做作的不相關(guān)!

Disaffected members have lt to form a new party

4. Ambivalence：文學(xué)評論常用的單詞，指一個(gè)人同時(shí)或者交替時(shí)間內(nèi)容納截然相反的態(tài)度或者情感，典型的情景是“又愛又 恨”。

情景：世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離，不是生與死的距離，不是天各一方，而是，我就站在你面前，你卻不知道我愛你。（泰戈?duì)枺┻@種感覺就是 ambivalence

Appreciative：來自于appreciate，因?yàn)閍ppreciate的詞根是prec（price），表示價(jià)值，價(jià) 格，所以表示內(nèi)行看門道的appreciate，是“事物內(nèi)在價(jià)值的欣賞”，是相比于enjoy的高級詞匯，又是知識(shí)分子專用詞匯，另外 appreciate最原始的意思是增值。Appreciative就是appreciate的形容詞形式，所以表示“能欣賞事物內(nèi)在價(jià)值”。情景：比如 鐘子期對俞伯牙的音樂的那種“知音”，即是一種appreciative。Appreciate的反義詞是depreciate，表示“貶值”。另外注意 還有一個(gè)很容易混淆的單詞deprecate,表示貶低的意思，?？嫉氖莇eprecatory，表示“不滿的”，而且常搭配為“self- deprecatory”，表示自謙的（自己貶低自己的），比如語言中有很多自謙的詞，典型的如“有忝同列”?？聪旅孢@道考過的題目，好好體會(huì)一下這種感 覺。

Fortunately, she was_ her accomplishments, properly unwilling to _ them bore her friends.

(A) excited by------ parade

(B) immodest about--- discuss

(C) deprecatory about---- flaunt

(D) uncertain of-----concede

(E) unaware of-----conceal

5. Anticipation：the act of predicting (as by reasoning about the future)，pleasure expectation，所以anticipation表示美好的愿望，而且是有根有據(jù)的，而不像speculation，是建立在很少的事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上 的。

6. Apprehensive，apprehension, apprehend憂慮的

7. Astonished：astounded 都表示驚嚇的意思，我覺得這個(gè)詞的詞根絕對是個(gè)擬聲詞，ton（toun），因?yàn)槲腋咧械臅r(shí)候喂過很多狗，然后無聊了，便把鞭炮放在狗窩旁邊，點(diǎn)著然后走 開，鞭炮響了之后，我家的狗便一整天都把屁股露在外面不見人，嚇得不敢出來，后來，他敢出來了，等他精神恢復(fù)了，我就“當(dāng)”一聲，他又把屁股對著我，后來 發(fā)展到，只要他的窩前有冒煙的東西他就只把屁股露出來。所以ton（toun）這個(gè)詞根表示驚嚇的意思。當(dāng)然astonished的情景也就不必舉出來 了，只要記住我家的狗把屁股露在狗窩旁邊你就完全可以想象出來。

8. Baffling＝bewildering

9. Enthusiastic 熱情的，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)詞很常見，所以就部解釋了，我想我是最有體會(huì)了，因?yàn)槲覀兩綎|人的酒文化，那就一個(gè)字，enthusiastic，而且酒喝多了，舌頭就 不容易打卷，所以只能說感嘆句了。

10. Indulgent：放縱的，ind（in里面）＋ulg（原來指怪物，后來有了ulgy表示丑陋的）＋ent：心里面有怪 物在作怪，所以是放縱的。（fulgent：f（off跑出去）＋ulg（怪物）＋ent：怪物跑出心里面，所以會(huì)讓你心里就充滿陽光：光輝的， 燦爛的）

indulgent<>abstemious/temperate

abstemious: marked by temperance in indulgence. 節(jié)制的

11. Complacent (詞根plac，拉丁詞根，原來表示廣場，所以place表示地方，是來自于法語，廣場是人們清閑的 時(shí)候才去的，所以詞根plac又引申為‘閑，滿意，安靜’的意思，com（一直）＋plac（滿意）＋ent（adj詞尾），表示自滿的，自負(fù)的) 由詞根plac（安靜）構(gòu)成的單詞還有placate(plac+ate) 平息，使之安靜；placebo（安慰劑），placid （安靜的，平和的）

不要和complaisant相混淆了，complaisant＝com+ plais (please的變體)＋ant （一直請），謙恭的，順從的

Although at times Nickolai could be disagreeable even___, more often than not he was the most___ person you could hope to meet.

(A) contentious---complaisant

(B) disgruntled---buddled

(C)contradictory---disconcerted

(D)misguided--- solicitous

(E)curmudgeonly—didactic

disagreeable：不友好的（agreeable 友好的，令人欣賞的）

contentious：inclined or showing an inclination to dispute or disagree 好表現(xiàn)不同意見的

complaisant：showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others 非常樂意去幫助別人

這是一道比較難的題目，只有你對每一個(gè)單詞仔細(xì)掌握了精確的意思之后你才會(huì)有所作為！

12. Condescending：以恩賜態(tài)度對待，里面暗含一種澳際和傲慢，而表面上是屈尊俯就。詞根記憶這個(gè)單詞。情 景：現(xiàn)在希拉里和奧巴馬在爭民主黨候選人的選票，克林頓也公開場合支持希拉里，克林頓在公開場合揭發(fā)奧巴馬的記錄時(shí)，不屑的加了一句：give me a break,而且他還稱奧巴馬為kid，那么這種行為立即引起了黑人的反對，認(rèn)為克林頓這種態(tài)度是一種condescending的態(tài)度。再比如，假如我 和姚明一塊打籃球，規(guī)定誰贏了可以得到CBA的10億美元的獎(jiǎng)金，然后姚明說了，我蹲著和你打也能把你打趴下，那么這時(shí)候我覺得的姚明的態(tài)度就是 condescending的.其就等于patronizing: characteristic of those who treat others with condescension, 儼然以恩人態(tài)度的,要人領(lǐng)情的

13. Critical批評的，注意和resentful的區(qū)別是，critical是一種 evaluation，judgment（評論）的態(tài)度中的一種，而resentful是一種強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人態(tài)度，所以其用詞都會(huì)表現(xiàn)的無理性的抱怨和 辱罵，resentful youth 反叛的青年；

休息一下，看一下李白的一首詩《怨情》

美人卷竹簾，深坐蹙蛾眉。但見淚痕濕，不知心恨誰。

After rolling up the curtain of pearls, she just sat there with her brows knitted, pensive and anguished. Her faces was stained by the tears, yet who was it that she was so resentful of？

14. Demonstrative: given to or marked by the open expression of emotion

就是那種把什么都寫在臉上的人.

Cito Gaston, one of the least___ baseball managers, surprised reporters by weeping openly after his team won the play-offs.

(A)somber

(B) demonstrative

(C) insufferable

(D)bountiful

(E) wistful

15. Disdainful: scornful 輕蔑的

16. Disparage：dis（不再）＋par（pari的變體，平等）：不再平等的看人：蔑視

Disparaging：express a negative opinion of對…持負(fù)面的態(tài)度

情景：稱呼日本人為Jap，稱呼美國人為Yankee，稱中國人為Chink，這些都是disparaging

17. Dynamic: 有活力的，一般來形容人的個(gè)性，相當(dāng)?shù)陌x

18. Enlightening有啟迪作用的，看一下這個(gè)單詞構(gòu)詞方法，超牛，light前面一個(gè)en，后面一個(gè)en，就怕光照 不到你，所以說啟迪，啟蒙，這個(gè)單詞造的太好了。另外，啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)，

The Age of Enlightening.

19. Exultant, elated, enrapture, exhilarate 相當(dāng)?shù)母吲d,這些高興都有詞根顯示,所以都是非常的”會(huì)意”的一種單詞:

exultant: ex(出)+ult(跳),所以是蹦來蹦去的那種興高采烈;(altitude 海拔)

elate: e(出)+lat(產(chǎn)生), 產(chǎn)生出的那種高興,而且有一種喜出望外的感覺;(relate)

enrapture: en(使)+rapture(瘋狂), 進(jìn)入瘋狂那種狀態(tài)的高興,是狂喜的意思,這種人多半要么是彩票中獎(jiǎng),要么是吃搖頭丸了; rapture

exhilarate: ex(出)+hila(高興)就是一般的高興,只不過用詞文雅一點(diǎn)罷了

稍微低級一點(diǎn)的單詞如excited, happy, delighted,也都有高興的意思,但都是很籠統(tǒng)的一種表達(dá).

20. Fidgety 坐立不安的，比如青春期的我們，都是這種情況，即無名的煩躁

21. Generosity：慷慨的，情景很簡單，generosity，generous（來自于gen），我們復(fù)習(xí)一下表示慷 慨的一些單詞magnanimous（mag大＋anim生命），還有benevolent，charitable等

22. Humorous？humorous, comical, ironic(sardonic, sarcastic) 之間的區(qū)別是什么？

Comical滑稽，是指嘲笑中，揭露事物的自相矛盾的地方，以達(dá)到諷刺和批評的目的。

Ironic （sardonic，sarcastic），諷刺，是指通過比喻，夸張的手法對不良或愚蠢的行為進(jìn)行批判；幽默則是通過比喻，雙關(guān)，影射等修辭手法，在善 意的微笑中，揭露不通情理之處。

所以微笑是幽默的外在表現(xiàn)，方式有相聲，小品，笑話，無厘頭，惡搞等。通過說politician 是ready listeners, 用psychological equipment, 表現(xiàn)了一種humorous精神在里面，但這些人認(rèn)為人民大眾是idiot，顯然是contempt。

21. Insightful: 富有洞察力的,有深刻見解的able to understand or showing that you understand what a situation or person is really like. 在閱讀態(tài)度題中insightful是個(gè)非常常見的單詞,那么什么樣的敘述才算得上是insightful呢?

比如說,烏龜和兔子賽跑的故事,小馬過河的故事,這些故事都是insightful story,因?yàn)樗麜?huì)讓你思考!中國作家理insightful的作者是魯迅,而現(xiàn)在的很多作家越來越pretentious.

Latoya’s___ is shown by her ability to be__: she can see her own faults more clearly than anyone else can.

(A) perceptiveness, self-centered

(B) objectivity, restrictive

(C) cynicism, self-destructive

(D) open-mindedness, complacent

(E) insightfulness, self-critical

22. Intrusive是個(gè)貶義程度比較低的單詞，指“侵?jǐn)_的”，多用于指那些“不速之客”，比如你平時(shí)正在用電腦，突然冒出一 個(gè)網(wǎng)頁，或者你的電腦被病毒感染，這些行為都是intrusive

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Put up with是忍受的意思

23. Melancholy: thoughtful sadness這個(gè)詞語是一個(gè)只有文人雅士才會(huì)用的詞語，我們凡人痛苦了，就直接寫在臉上，而非凡人則要先感嘆一番，或憂國憂民，或悲嘆世道，然后兩眼深 邃后，這才算作melancholy。因?yàn)檫@里是說的一些社會(huì)批評人士對電視作用的評價(jià)，而且這些人直接就說了Television makes you stupid，所以這里用了melancholy。

agreeable melancholy：令人愉悅的憂傷，這是一個(gè)非常經(jīng)典組合，而且這個(gè)組合只有在我身在日本的同學(xué)把他拍的在 東京賞櫻花的照片的時(shí)候，我才體會(huì)出來，所以人間少有。這里melancholy引起了大家什么思緒呢？

24. Nonchalant：blithe unconcern冷淡的，漠不關(guān)心non＋chalant（care的變體）

情景很簡單，不再累贅敘述。

Nostalgia: longing for something past 懷舊之情 我們看一下下面幾道題所給出的情景。

（1）Finding her old dolls and toys in the attic evoked__ in the old woman as she fondly remembered her childhood.

(A)gratitude

(B) determination

(C) regret

(D)melancholy

(E) nostalgia

（2）As she consigned the yellow-painted wooden pencil to the wastebasket of history, I felt a rush of nostalgia for the perfumed sharpener shavings of my youth.

Question：The author mentions “sharpener shavings” in order to portray a mood of

(A) unrestrained joy

(B) sentimental reminiscence

(C) bitter disappointment

(D) cautious optimism

(E) dark foreboding

25. Obdurate: stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing

Alex is so ----- that it is nearly impossible to offer him constructive criticism without him taking it personally and acting densive.

(A) cerebral

(B) obdurate

(C) sensitive

(D) pretentious

(E) enervated

26. Objective：很多同學(xué)會(huì)誤選objective，看來還是不了解客觀的定義，客觀就是要求敘述中不夾雜作者的任何感 情，該是什么就是什么，而這篇文章中，我們可以看到有providential，因?yàn)榫妥髡哒f是providential，而在我看來也許 unprovidential呢？這就不客觀了，而對石頭的大小重量外形描述時(shí)就是objective了，因?yàn)樽屛颐枋鲞@些東西我也只能那么描述。

27. Paradoxical 也是一個(gè)經(jīng)?？嫉降淖髡邞B(tài)度詞，從詞根來記意思，para（旁邊）＋dox（doc變體表示寫），在一旁寫，雖然不是寫在正好的地方，但至少是寫出來了， 所以即引出來這個(gè)單詞的意思了，paradoxical：seemingly contradictionary but nonetheless possibly true

情景：people are illogical, unreasonable, and self-centered, love them anyway; If you do good, people will discuss you of selfish ulterior motives, do good anyway…..

Paradoxical commander 似非而是的戒律

提一下，關(guān)于para表示旁邊：parallel ：para＋llel（level變體）：平行的

Parasite：para＋site（坐）（不坐在自己的地方，坐在旁人的地方）：寄生

Paramount：（派拉蒙影業(yè)的那座山）至高無上的：para＋mount（mountain山）越過山

28. (1) paranoia，往往為了表示自己異常的熱心而出現(xiàn)反常的行為，是妄想狂的意思，態(tài)度題里出現(xiàn)這種單詞肯定是錯(cuò)誤 的，因?yàn)樽髡卟豢赡苁蔷癫』颊摺?/p>

Possessive：desirous of owning 占有欲的

(2) cynical, 第一講的時(shí)候已經(jīng)重點(diǎn)講過,復(fù)習(xí)一下,它也是只要出現(xiàn)了它大多數(shù)情況下不可能成為正確選項(xiàng)的一個(gè)單詞.

29. Predictable是個(gè)非常重要的單詞，當(dāng)用來修飾音樂，繪畫時(shí)，都表示“毫無創(chuàng)意”的意思above reproach無可指責(zé)的意思。

看一道已經(jīng)考過的填空題：

To avoid being___, composer Stephen Sondheim strives for an element of surprise in his songs.

(A)erratic

(B) informal

(C) elaborate

(D)predictable

(E) idiosyncratic

30. Pedestrian: lacking wit or imagination 缺乏想象的,它的反義詞 enthralling: capturing interest as if by a spell 迷人的.

看一下下面這個(gè)鮮明的對比:

We were amazed that a man who had been heretofore the most__ of public speakers could, in a single speech, electrify an audience and bring them cheering to their feet.

(A)enthralling

(B) accomplished

(C)pedestrian

(D)auspicious

(E) masterful

31. Preemptive: designed or having the power to deter or prevent an anticipated situation or occurrence (預(yù)先做好了一切防止事情的發(fā)生)

情景: Iraq war is W. Bush’s diplomatic strategy, which is attacking a potential enemy bore the United States is attacked 美國發(fā)動(dòng)伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭就是出于這樣的目的.

32. Pretentious：making claim to or creating an appearance of (often undeserved) importance or distinction。做作的，相當(dāng)自命不凡的；

情景：被稱為八十后領(lǐng)軍人物的郭敬明，他在散文和小說里動(dòng)不動(dòng)就仰望天空、淚流滿面，成篇的煽情和虛無主義，整個(gè)黔驢伎窮的“抄級男生”。而且他老 大不小了還自稱是“少年”，拍半裸照自以為是性感男，實(shí)在是藻飾多于實(shí)料，整個(gè)自我標(biāo)榜的自戀男。所以他是the most pretentious writer in China。所以當(dāng)你一看到pretentious的時(shí)候你馬上就想到他人了。

33. Presumptuous：指那種自以為是的那種高傲（presume――只憑假設(shè)就給人家下結(jié)論，自以為是的）

34. Provocative：serving or likely to arouse a strong reaction，esp. stimulating discussion or exciting controversy引起很強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng),特別是能刺激起討論或者爭端

從詞根構(gòu)成上來看這個(gè)單詞的意思：pro(forward向前)+voc（話）+tive（adj詞尾表多）向前引起很多話，即引起爭論的那種刺激 性

例題：An experienced politician who knew better than to launch a campaign in troubled political waters, she intended to wait for a more____ occasion bore she announced her plans.

(A) propitious(B) provocative (C) unseemly(D)questionable(E)theoretical

35. Resignation：acceptance of despair，resigned指逆來順受，認(rèn)命的意思

看下面這個(gè)情景就容易理解這個(gè)單詞的意思了

Since many disadvantaged inpiduals view their situations as ___ as well as intolerable, their attitudes best described as ____.

(A) squalid---obscure

(B) unpleasant---bellicose

(C) acute---sanguine

(D) immutable---resigned

(E) political---perplexed

36. Somber: sullen指性格上比較陰郁，如某些更年期的女人，又陰郁，又動(dòng)輒發(fā)脾氣

37. Speculative：not based on fact or investigation 推測性的，即結(jié)果總不是那么令人相信的

我們看一下用到speculative這個(gè)性質(zhì)的填空題：

1）Since none of the original doors or windows of Mayan Indian homes has survived, restoration work on these portions of these buildings has been largely___.

(A) exquisite(B) impertinent(C) speculative (D) appeased(E)abstract

38. Spontaneity: coming from natural feelings without constraint之后情景就非常簡單了，所以這也出現(xiàn)了spontaneous的一個(gè)情景：象小孩子那樣的思想大多都是spontaneous的（形 容人物性格方面）

The author constructed a scenario in which playful, creative children are rewarded for their___ and strict, dour adults are punished for their___.

A. spontaneity, rigidity

B. digressions, mirth

C. solemnity, malice

D. inflexibility, rigor

E. improvisations, buoyancy

39. Unfounded: without a basis in reason or fact. 沒有根據(jù)的, unfounded rumor 無稽之談

情景: Talented children "burn themselves out" in the early years, and, therore, are subjected to failure and at worst, mental illness. 對這句話判斷的話,顯然是unfounded,要不然澳際的老師要么都是瘋子,要么都是騙子,而顯然我們是相當(dāng)正常的人類.

40. Volatile temperament 反復(fù)無常的個(gè)性

41. Wrenching 悲痛比如說你離開你的祖國的那一時(shí)間,你的感覺就是wrenching

42. zealotry: excessive intolerance of opposing views狂熱

和狂熱有關(guān)的單詞fanatic franticfreneticlunatic(以后我們會(huì)在分類單詞中再仔細(xì)講的)

二表示語氣的單詞

41. exclusively：without any others being included or involved專門的，所以其反義詞就是comprehensively了

例如：This room is exclusively for women. 這個(gè)房間是專門給女人用的。Exclusively的 語氣相當(dāng)重。

Dr. Schwartz’s lecture on art, while detailed and scholarly, focused___ on the premodern; some students may have appreciated his specialized knowledge, but those with more____ interests may have been disappointed.

(A) literally--- medieval

(B) completely--- pedantic

(C) expansively--- technical

(D) voluminously---- creative

(E)exclusively--- comprehensive

這里正好考察了exclusively和comprehensively之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系

42. unfortunately表示前后語氣的轉(zhuǎn)折，而且用的時(shí)候會(huì)單獨(dú)把它摘出來，然后在其后加上逗號(hào)，這時(shí)英 語中常用的方法，即語氣（表達(dá)一種遺憾的態(tài)度，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折）。

重點(diǎn)單詞練習(xí):

1. When the children won the baseball game, their parents were so__ that__ reaction spread through the stands.

(A)perplexed, a spirited

(B) enraged, a distressing

(C) dejected, a raucous

(D)elated, an exuberant

(E) thrilled, a scornful

2. Because they had expected the spacecraft Voyager 2 to be able to gather data only about the planets Jupiter and Saturn, scientists were ________ the wealth of information it sent back from Neptune twelve years after leaving Earth.

(A)A) disappointed in

(B) B) concerned about

(C) C) confident in

(D)D) elated by

(E) E) anxious for

3. Edmund White is a ------- author: he has written novels, essays, short stories, a travel book, and a biography.

(A)demonstrative

(B) nebulous

(C) meticulous

(D)versatile

(E) metaphoric

versatile, persity, 在后面有很多列舉的時(shí)候,填空題肯定是是考這兩個(gè)主考單詞的.

4. The merger will eliminate___ and provide more___ cross-training of staff.

(A)profit, and more

(B) paperwork, or less

(C) duplication, fective

(D)bosses, wastul

(E) competitors, aggressive

5. The usually__ CEO shocked his employees by severely overeating to the jocular tease made by one of his subordinates.

(A) demanding

(B) inarticulate

(C) aggressive

(D) persuasive

(E) composed

aggressive<>composed

composed: serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress,是指受了多大的刺激多不會(huì)為所動(dòng)的意思.

6. Despite an affected__ which convinced casual observers that he was indifferent about his painting and enjoyed only frivolity, Warhol cared deeply about his art and labored at it__.

(A)nonchalance, diligently

(B) empathy, methodically

(C) fervor, secretly

(D)gloom, intermittently

(E) hysteria, sporadically

7.Even though the programmers are ------- about their new software, they are wary of publicly ------- its capabilities until further testing.

(A) anxious . . commending

(B) apprehensive . . substantiating

(C) confident . . disclosing

(D) positive . . decrying

(E) cynical . . celebrating

不要誤選B和E.

8. The guest speaker on Oprah Winfrey’s talk show offended the audience by first____ them and then rusing to moderate these____ remarks.

(A)flattering, commendable

(B) haranguing, intemperate

(C) praising, radical

(D)enraging, conciliatory

(E) accommodating, indulgent

harangue: to speak in a loud angry way, often for a long time, in order to criticize someone or to persuade them that you are right.言詞激烈的演說,這種演說常常是為了批評某一個(gè)人并彰顯自己是正確的.

9. Fanatically committed to one political cause, Anderson was a___, maintaining an exclusively___ outlook.

(A)libertine, provincial

(B) zealot, partisan

(C) patriot, indulgent

(D)maverick, altruistic

(E) rebel, vicarious

10. No real-life hero of ancient or modern days can surpass James Bond with his nonchalant__ of death and the___ with which he bear torture.

A. contempt, distress

B. disregard, fortitude

C. veneration, guile

D. concept, terror

E. ignorance, fickleness

fortitude剛毅, fortuitous 偶然的,意外的

這兩個(gè)單詞我們會(huì)在后面(變意單詞)這講中講到.

11. OG—58－4

A cousin of the tenacious Asian longhorned beetle—which since its initial discovery in 1996 in New York City has caused tens of millions of dollars in damage annually—the citrus longhorned beetle was discovered on a juniper bush in August 2001 in Tukwila, Washington. Exotic pests such as the longhorned beetle are a growing problem—an unintended side fect of human travel and commerce that can cause large-scale mayhem to local ecosystems. [To stop the citrus beetle, healthy trees were destroyed even thoughthere was no visible evidence of infestation, and normal environmental regulations were suspended so that a rapid response could be mounted.]

Q: The passage suggests that the actions undertaken in the last sentence are best characterized as

A. tested and reliable

B. deliberate and fective

C. costly and unpopular

D. preemptive and aggressive

E. unprecedented and unfounded

筆記:

12. OG-60-17

As a mime, I am a physical medium, the instrument upon which the figures of my imagination play their dance of life. The inpiduals in my audience also have responsibilities—they must be alert collaborators. (They cannot sit back, mindlessly complacent, and wait to have their emotions titillated by mesmeric musical sounds or visual rhythms or acrobatic feats, or by words that tell them what to think.) Mime is an art that, paradoxically, appeals both to those who respond instinctively to entertainment and to those whose appreciation is more analytical and complex.

Questions: The author’s description of techniques used in the types of performances is

A. disparaging

B. astonished

C. sorrowful

D. indulgent

E. sentimental

筆記:

13. The Internet is rapidly becoming another means of disseminating information traditionally made available through radio and television stations. Indeed, it is now possible or journalists and the public to access new release of audio- and videotapes, satellite media tours, and on-line news conferences via their computers. The number of news sites on the Internet grows each day. As one media company executive notes, “With many of these Web sites generating new content every hour and exponentially larger audience, on-line news sites represent a dynamic and vital outlet for news.”

Question: Which of the following best captures the attitude of the “company executive” toward the Internet?

A. anxiety

B. distrust

C. ambivalence

D. excitement

E. curiosity

筆記:

14. Barron-Test 1-S 2-10

The Rosetta Stone! What a providential find that was. And what a remarkable set of circumstances it took for people to be able to read Egyptian hieroglyphics after a hiatus of some 1400 years. It even took a military campaign. In 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte’s army attacked British-held Egypt, seeking to cut off England from the riches of the Middle East. Rebuilding a fortress, a French soldier uncovered a block of basalt inscribed with writing in three distinct scripts; Greek, demotic script (an everyday cursive form of Egyptian), and Egyptian hieroglyphs. At that moment, modern Egyptology began.

Question: The author’s tone in writing of the discovery of the Rosetta Stone can best be characterized as

A. ironic

B. enthusiastic

C. condescending

D. nostalgic

E. objective

筆記:

15. OG-80-17

It is April 1959, I’m standing at the railing of the Batory’s upper deck, and I feel that my life is ending. I’m looking out at the crowd that has gathered on the shore to see the ship’s departure from Gdynia—a crowd that, all of a sudden, is irrevocably on the other side—and I want to break out, run back, run toward the familiar excitement, the waving hands, the exclamations. We can’t be leaving all this behind—but we are.

Question: For the author, the experience of leaving Cracow can best be described as

A. enlightening

B. exhilarating

C. annoying

D. wrenching

E. ennobling

筆記:

16. OG-82-18

My parents are highly agitated; they had just been put through a body search by the customs police. Still, the officials weren’t clever enough, or suspicious enough, to check my sister and me.

Question: The author’s description of the customs police suggests that the author views them with

A. alarm

B. skepticism

C. disrespect

D. caution

E. paranoia

筆記:

17. OG-486-15

“Television makes you stupid”

Virtually all current theories of the medium come down to this simple statement. As a rule, this conclusion is delivered with a melancholy undertone. Four principal theories can be distinguished.

Question: The author’s attitude toward the evaluators of television can best described as

A. intrigued

B. scornful

C. equivocal

D. indulgent

E. nonchalant

筆記:

18. As she consigned the yellow-painted wooden pencil to the wastebasket of history, I felt a rush of nostalgia for the perfumed sharpener shavings of my youth.

Question：The author mentions “sharpener shavings” in order to portray a mood of

(A) unrestrained joy

(B) sentimental reminiscence

(C) bitter disappointment

(D) cautious optimism

(E) dark foreboding

筆記:

19. OG-486-19

On the other hand, they have found ready listeners among politicians. That is not surprising, for the conviction that one is dealing with millions of idiots “out there in the country” is part of the basic psychological equipment of the professional politician. One might have second thought about the theorists’ influence when one watches how the veterans of televised election campaigns fight each other for every single minute when it comes to displaying their limousine, their historic appearance bore the guard of honor, their hairstyle on the platform, and above all their speech organs.

Question: The author’s attitude toward politician is primarily one of

A. humorous contempt

B. outraged embarrassment

C. worried puzzlement

D. relieved resignation

E. begrudging sympathy

筆記:

20. OG-420-14

Anna and Chris made me at ease the first day in their polished living room—though I was not sure why these people would bother putting themselves out for me at all. And when they kept inviting me back for dinner parties and extending their hospitality, I wondered if maybe they were bored, or if their ignorance of American types was such that they failed to see that I was not at all of their social class: I kept expecting some crude regional expression to betray me; and, once I thought of it in those terms, I knew I would have to make sure they saw that side of me—to do less would be like trying to “pass”. Yet whatever I said seemed to make no difference in their acceptance.

Question: According to the passage above, the narrator’s perspective changes from

A. suspicion of his hosts to outright mistrust of them

B. estrangement to a sense of camaraderie

C. insecurity to feelings of despondency

D. apprehensiveness to a desire to reveal himself

E. rejection of his social status to an acceptance of it

筆記:

21. OG-525-6

The critic Edmund Wilson was not a self-conscious letter writer or one who tried to sustain studied mannerisms. Nor did he resort to artifice or entangle himself in circumlocutions. The young, middle-aged, and old Wilson speaks directly through his letters, which are informal for the most part and which undisguisedly rlect his changing moods. On occasion—in response, perhaps, to the misery of a friend or a public outrage or a personal challenge—he can become eloquent, even passionate, but that is not his prevailing tone.

Question: Based on the information in the passage, Wilson’s letters can best be described as

A. cynical

B. spontaneous

C. critical

D. preachy

E. witty

筆記:

22. OG－555－19

Music was the only landscape in which he seemed at ease. In that raunchy kitchen, elbows propped on either side of the cooling soup, he was fidgety, even a little awkward. But when he sat up behind his instrument, he had the irresistible beauty of someone who had found his place.

Question: The description of the author in the kitchen and he behind his instrument present a contrast between his

A. chaos and organization

B. mediocrity and excellence

C. pretension and genuineness

D. laziness and dedication

E. clumsiness and graculness

筆記:

23. OG-403-10

（1）Situation 1

I went to her studio in Redcliffe Square feeling uncomfortable and even embarrassed, thinking how awful to be an artist, having to put up with prospective buyers coming to gape.

Situation 2

People stopped and stared and admired and I wanted to shout that what they were looking at was mine.

Question: Which statement best summarizes the description of the hypothetical group of people in situation 1 compared to that of the actual group in situation 2?

A. The first is uneducated; the second has professional training.

B. The first slights the artist; the second is apparently appreciative

C. The first is somewhat intrusive; the second is apparently appreciative

D. The first rejects the artist’s methodology; the second praises it.

E. The first is acquisitive, the second is generous and giving.

筆記:

24. OG-668-21

I require my writing students to turn in taped readings of their work. This is not only a convenience that allows me to return their work as quickly as a sighted teacher would. But reading their work aloud also makes the students more conscious of flaws in their prose.

Question: the author’s reasons for setting the requirement described in lines 60-61 are best

A. rigorous and presumptuous

B. pragmatic and pedagogical

C. capricious and creative

D. provocative and unprecedented

E. arbitrary and idiosyncratic

筆記:

25. OG-851-12

Every time another report appears, the media tout the new position, thus providing a misleading view. Most likely, all of these factors have been working in tandem.

Question: the author’s attitude toward the “media” might best be described as

A. respectful

B. indifferent

C. ambivalent

D. resentful

E. critical

一態(tài)度單詞容量

態(tài)度題單詞是整個(gè)考試當(dāng)中重量最重的一部分,這里所謂的態(tài)度單詞是廣義的單詞.下面我們先 重點(diǎn)介紹看考察頻率比較高而且容易出錯(cuò)的一些態(tài)度題單詞,在填空題和閱讀題中考察的重點(diǎn),然后串講態(tài)度題單詞,并輔以練習(xí)題進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練.

二 學(xué)習(xí)要求

對態(tài)度題單詞要注重情景掌握,當(dāng)然有些情景可能是需要你通過做題才能把握的,那么很遺憾, 你要背過這道題.

三重難點(diǎn)單詞串講

1. Acquisitive: 貪得無厭的，eager to acquire and possess things especially material possessions or ideas，帶有方向性的動(dòng)詞在加形容詞詞尾之后就很容易變?yōu)橘H義色彩的詞語，表示這個(gè)動(dòng)作的幅度太強(qiáng)烈，如這樣的詞語有acquire--- acquisitive(貪得無厭的)，assert--- assertive（自以為是的），inquire--- inquisitive (因相當(dāng)好奇而打破沙鍋問到低的)，demonstrate---demonstrative （感情外露的），furt（詞根偷）--- furtive（偷偷摸摸的）imperative（急需的，Prompt action is imperative果斷行動(dòng)是必要的），incise--- incisive（一針見血的），intrusive 讓人煩的侵?jǐn)_，invective 侮辱的，rest－restive（難以駕馭的）

acquisitive<> ascetic/ stoic

ascetic: living without any physical pleasures or comforts, especially for religious reasons 禁欲的,很好想象,像和尚之類的就是絕對的ascetic…

2. Aggressive: (1) having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends (不達(dá)目的誓不罷休的意思,在事情上就是做絕了;對人來說就是相當(dāng)有進(jìn)取心)

(2) characteristic of an enemy or a situation or one eager to fight (好侵略,富有侵略性的)

兩個(gè)詞義其實(shí)是相通的,因?yàn)閹в羞M(jìn)取心的人一般來說都是帶有侵略性的.

(3) more severe ,intensive or comprehensive than usual especially in dosage or extent(程度范圍比正常狀況下要大)

情景(對人): 因?yàn)樯疃鴦?chuàng)造，因?yàn)閯?chuàng)造而生活。人的一生都在自我實(shí)現(xiàn)著，一旦創(chuàng)造停止，也就失去了存在的意義，因此我們要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造地生活著。這種態(tài)度就是 aggressive

eg: The usually__ CEO shocked his employees by severely overeating to the jocular tease made by one of his subordinates.

(A) demanding

(B) inarticulate

(C) aggressive

(D) persuasive

(E) composed

3.Affected: speaking or behaving in an artificial way to make an impression.

嫌疑人：林志玲

紅極臺(tái)灣的林志玲天生媚氣，一張口就是甜美嬌嗲的聲音，溫柔入骨。但大陸網(wǎng)民可看不慣，成群結(jié)隊(duì)地炮轟她惡心做作。有人更是譏諷地說，如果雞皮疙瘩 能賣錢，那她下輩子的生計(jì)都不用愁了。她的做作是因?yàn)椋篠he speaks in an affectedly sweet voice at all time.

裝腔作勢的做作：airs and graces

嫌疑人：章子怡

盛名之下的章子怡人紅是非多，每次出現(xiàn)總是風(fēng)光無限，也因此惹來不少非議和質(zhì)疑。許多人認(rèn)為她狂妄大膽，喜歡擺架子耍大牌，總是一副裝腔作勢的模 樣。所以她被認(rèn)為：She always puts on airs (and graces) in front of cameras.

affected<>natural

注意! disaffected: 是心懷不滿的意思,和做作的不相關(guān)!

Disaffected members have lt to form a new party

4. Ambivalence：文學(xué)評論常用的單詞，指一個(gè)人同時(shí)或者交替時(shí)間內(nèi)容納截然相反的態(tài)度或者情感，典型的情景是“又愛又 恨”。

情景：世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離，不是生與死的距離，不是天各一方，而是，我就站在你面前，你卻不知道我愛你。（泰戈?duì)枺┻@種感覺就是 ambivalence

Appreciative：來自于appreciate，因?yàn)閍ppreciate的詞根是prec（price），表示價(jià)值，價(jià) 格，所以表示內(nèi)行看門道的appreciate，是“事物內(nèi)在價(jià)值的欣賞”，是相比于enjoy的高級詞匯，又是知識(shí)分子專用詞匯，另外 appreciate最原始的意思是增值。Appreciative就是appreciate的形容詞形式，所以表示“能欣賞事物內(nèi)在價(jià)值”。情景：比如 鐘子期對俞伯牙的音樂的那種“知音”，即是一種appreciative。Appreciate的反義詞是depreciate，表示“貶值”。另外注意 還有一個(gè)很容易混淆的單詞deprecate,表示貶低的意思，?？嫉氖莇eprecatory，表示“不滿的”，而且常搭配為“self- deprecatory”，表示自謙的（自己貶低自己的），比如語言中有很多自謙的詞，典型的如“有忝同列”?？聪旅孢@道考過的題目，好好體會(huì)一下這種感 覺。

Fortunately, she was_ her accomplishments, properly unwilling to _ them bore her friends.

(A) excited by------ parade

(B) immodest about--- discuss

(C) deprecatory about---- flaunt

(D) uncertain of-----concede

(E) unaware of-----conceal

5. Anticipation：the act of predicting (as by reasoning about the future)，pleasure expectation，所以anticipation表示美好的愿望，而且是有根有據(jù)的，而不像speculation，是建立在很少的事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上 的。

6. Apprehensive，apprehension, apprehend憂慮的

7. Astonished：astounded 都表示驚嚇的意思，我覺得這個(gè)詞的詞根絕對是個(gè)擬聲詞，ton（toun），因?yàn)槲腋咧械臅r(shí)候喂過很多狗，然后無聊了，便把鞭炮放在狗窩旁邊，點(diǎn)著然后走 開，鞭炮響了之后，我家的狗便一整天都把屁股露在外面不見人，嚇得不敢出來，后來，他敢出來了，等他精神恢復(fù)了，我就“當(dāng)”一聲，他又把屁股對著我，后來 發(fā)展到，只要他的窩前有冒煙的東西他就只把屁股露出來。所以ton（toun）這個(gè)詞根表示驚嚇的意思。當(dāng)然astonished的情景也就不必舉出來 了，只要記住我家的狗把屁股露在狗窩旁邊你就完全可以想象出來。

8. Baffling＝bewildering

9. Enthusiastic 熱情的，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)詞很常見，所以就部解釋了，我想我是最有體會(huì)了，因?yàn)槲覀兩綎|人的酒文化，那就一個(gè)字，enthusiastic，而且酒喝多了，舌頭就 不容易打卷，所以只能說感嘆句了。

10. Indulgent：放縱的，ind（in里面）＋ulg（原來指怪物，后來有了ulgy表示丑陋的）＋ent：心里面有怪 物在作怪，所以是放縱的。（fulgent：f（off跑出去）＋ulg（怪物）＋ent：怪物跑出心里面，所以會(huì)讓你心里就充滿陽光：光輝的， 燦爛的）

indulgent<>abstemious/temperate

abstemious: marked by temperance in indulgence. 節(jié)制的

11. Complacent (詞根plac，拉丁詞根，原來表示廣場，所以place表示地方，是來自于法語，廣場是人們清閑的 時(shí)候才去的，所以詞根plac又引申為‘閑，滿意，安靜’的意思，com（一直）＋plac（滿意）＋ent（adj詞尾），表示自滿的，自負(fù)的) 由詞根plac（安靜）構(gòu)成的單詞還有placate(plac+ate) 平息，使之安靜；placebo（安慰劑），placid （安靜的，平和的）

不要和complaisant相混淆了，complaisant＝com+ plais (please的變體)＋ant （一直請），謙恭的，順從的

Although at times Nickolai could be disagreeable even___, more often than not he was the most___ person you could hope to meet.

(A) contentious---complaisant

(B) disgruntled---buddled

(C)contradictory---disconcerted

(D)misguided--- solicitous

(E)curmudgeonly—didactic

disagreeable：不友好的（agreeable 友好的，令人欣賞的）

contentious：inclined or showing an inclination to dispute or disagree 好表現(xiàn)不同意見的

complaisant：showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others 非常樂意去幫助別人

這是一道比較難的題目，只有你對每一個(gè)單詞仔細(xì)掌握了精確的意思之后你才會(huì)有所作為！

12. Condescending：以恩賜態(tài)度對待，里面暗含一種澳際和傲慢，而表面上是屈尊俯就。詞根記憶這個(gè)單詞。情 景：現(xiàn)在希拉里和奧巴馬在爭民主黨候選人的選票，克林頓也公開場合支持希拉里，克林頓在公開場合揭發(fā)奧巴馬的記錄時(shí)，不屑的加了一句：give me a break,而且他還稱奧巴馬為kid，那么這種行為立即引起了黑人的反對，認(rèn)為克林頓這種態(tài)度是一種condescending的態(tài)度。再比如，假如我 和姚明一塊打籃球，規(guī)定誰贏了可以得到CBA的10億美元的獎(jiǎng)金，然后姚明說了，我蹲著和你打也能把你打趴下，那么這時(shí)候我覺得的姚明的態(tài)度就是 condescending的.其就等于patronizing: characteristic of those who treat others with condescension, 儼然以恩人態(tài)度的,要人領(lǐng)情的

13. Critical批評的，注意和resentful的區(qū)別是，critical是一種 evaluation，judgment（評論）的態(tài)度中的一種，而resentful是一種強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人態(tài)度，所以其用詞都會(huì)表現(xiàn)的無理性的抱怨和 辱罵，resentful youth 反叛的青年；

休息一下，看一下李白的一首詩《怨情》

美人卷竹簾，深坐蹙蛾眉。但見淚痕濕，不知心恨誰。

After rolling up the curtain of pearls, she just sat there with her brows knitted, pensive and anguished. Her faces was stained by the tears, yet who was it that she was so resentful of？

14. Demonstrative: given to or marked by the open expression of emotion

就是那種把什么都寫在臉上的人.

Cito Gaston, one of the least___ baseball managers, surprised reporters by weeping openly after his team won the play-offs.

(A)somber

(B) demonstrative

(C) insufferable

(D)bountiful

(E) wistful

15. Disdainful: scornful 輕蔑的

16. Disparage：dis（不再）＋par（pari的變體，平等）：不再平等的看人：蔑視

Disparaging：express a negative opinion of對…持負(fù)面的態(tài)度

情景：稱呼日本人為Jap，稱呼美國人為Yankee，稱中國人為Chink，這些都是disparaging

17. Dynamic: 有活力的，一般來形容人的個(gè)性，相當(dāng)?shù)陌x

18. Enlightening有啟迪作用的，看一下這個(gè)單詞構(gòu)詞方法，超牛，light前面一個(gè)en，后面一個(gè)en，就怕光照 不到你，所以說啟迪，啟蒙，這個(gè)單詞造的太好了。另外，啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)，

The Age of Enlightening.

19. Exultant, elated, enrapture, exhilarate 相當(dāng)?shù)母吲d,這些高興都有詞根顯示,所以都是非常的”會(huì)意”的一種單詞:

exultant: ex(出)+ult(跳),所以是蹦來蹦去的那種興高采烈;(altitude 海拔)

elate: e(出)+lat(產(chǎn)生), 產(chǎn)生出的那種高興,而且有一種喜出望外的感覺;(relate)

enrapture: en(使)+rapture(瘋狂), 進(jìn)入瘋狂那種狀態(tài)的高興,是狂喜的意思,這種人多半要么是彩票中獎(jiǎng),要么是吃搖頭丸了; rapture

exhilarate: ex(出)+hila(高興)就是一般的高興,只不過用詞文雅一點(diǎn)罷了

稍微低級一點(diǎn)的單詞如excited, happy, delighted,也都有高興的意思,但都是很籠統(tǒng)的一種表達(dá).

20. Fidgety 坐立不安的，比如青春期的我們，都是這種情況，即無名的煩躁

21. Generosity：慷慨的，情景很簡單，generosity，generous（來自于gen），我們復(fù)習(xí)一下表示慷 慨的一些單詞magnanimous（mag大＋anim生命），還有benevolent，charitable等

22. Humorous？humorous, comical, ironic(sardonic, sarcastic) 之間的區(qū)別是什么？

Comical滑稽，是指嘲笑中，揭露事物的自相矛盾的地方，以達(dá)到諷刺和批評的目的。

Ironic （sardonic，sarcastic），諷刺，是指通過比喻，夸張的手法對不良或愚蠢的行為進(jìn)行批判；幽默則是通過比喻，雙關(guān)，影射等修辭手法，在善 意的微笑中，揭露不通情理之處。

所以微笑是幽默的外在表現(xiàn)，方式有相聲，小品，笑話，無厘頭，惡搞等。通過說politician 是ready listeners, 用psychological equipment, 表現(xiàn)了一種humorous精神在里面，但這些人認(rèn)為人民大眾是idiot，顯然是contempt。

21. Insightful: 富有洞察力的,有深刻見解的able to understand or showing that you understand what a situation or person is really like. 在閱讀態(tài)度題中insightful是個(gè)非常常見的單詞,那么什么樣的敘述才算得上是insightful呢?

比如說,烏龜和兔子賽跑的故事,小馬過河的故事,這些故事都是insightful story,因?yàn)樗麜?huì)讓你思考!中國作家理insightful的作者是魯迅,而現(xiàn)在的很多作家越來越pretentious.

Latoya’s___ is shown by her ability to be__: she can see her own faults more clearly than anyone else can.

(A) perceptiveness, self-centered

(B) objectivity, restrictive

(C) cynicism, self-destructive

(D) open-mindedness, complacent

(E) insightfulness, self-critical

22. Intrusive是個(gè)貶義程度比較低的單詞，指“侵?jǐn)_的”，多用于指那些“不速之客”，比如你平時(shí)正在用電腦，突然冒出一 個(gè)網(wǎng)頁，或者你的電腦被病毒感染，這些行為都是intrusive

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Put up with是忍受的意思

23. Melancholy: thoughtful sadness這個(gè)詞語是一個(gè)只有文人雅士才會(huì)用的詞語，我們凡人痛苦了，就直接寫在臉上，而非凡人則要先感嘆一番，或憂國憂民，或悲嘆世道，然后兩眼深 邃后，這才算作melancholy。因?yàn)檫@里是說的一些社會(huì)批評人士對電視作用的評價(jià)，而且這些人直接就說了Television makes you stupid，所以這里用了melancholy。

agreeable melancholy：令人愉悅的憂傷，這是一個(gè)非常經(jīng)典組合，而且這個(gè)組合只有在我身在日本的同學(xué)把他拍的在 東京賞櫻花的照片的時(shí)候，我才體會(huì)出來，所以人間少有。這里melancholy引起了大家什么思緒呢？

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