6月閱讀GMAT機經(jīng)整理：杰克遜總統(tǒng)[考古].

　　6月6日后GMAT換庫后，小編為大家收集整理6月份的GMAT閱讀機經(jīng)，這篇是關(guān)于杰克遜總統(tǒng)的文章，分享給大家，希望對大家有所幫助，僅供參考。

　　56、**總統(tǒng)與輝格黨

　　[版本1] by BASSI

　　是總統(tǒng)和輝格黨關(guān)于banking的快速發(fā)展持不同態(tài)度的那個。

　　第一part是總統(tǒng)持什么態(tài)度

　　第二part是輝格黨持什么態(tài)度

　　第三part是歷史學家們評價這兩個態(tài)度說他們都忽視了一些因素

　　題就是主旨一道，別的忘了

　　[版本2] by dianewei525 v34

　　2. 這篇很長 一屏半 不過我以前歷史課有學過所以不太怕 沒有美國歷史背景的同學可能要小心看! 或是看一下這兩個wiki link

　　goplaceswithdan.com

　　goplaceswithdan.com

　　好像cover得很全面 還有這篇其實廢話很多 第一和最後一段要多看中間可以不用多管

　　P1. there are two major standpoints on the issue of expansion of banks during 1830. one is raised by the Decomcrat head, Andrew Jackson that he considers the expansion of banks is undesirable (有題!) because it could cause the rich ones get richer and lead to a monopoly economic states. the other one is raised by the whig league, jackson&aposs opposing party, they also opposed the expansion of banks, but its point of view is that the expansion of banks should be limited because many banks could be established by businesses that actually have insufficient funds.

　　P2 however, neighther of their statement completes the complete pictures. a case study was completed in providence, rhode island. it is proved that the cause of something (both AJ and Whig have mentioned, sorry 真的忘了) is actually due to the new immigrants to the region.

　　1. The standpoint of Whig League to economy and society? A. the economy and society should be maintained. B. the economy society can be exacerbated if bank expand. 我選A

　　2. the organization of the passage? I chose "identify an issues that two of the PoVs are evaluated, then the PoVs are later called into questions by newly provided evidence"

　　3. what would be both agreed by both AJ and Whig? economy and society expansion is undesirable

　　大家關(guān)于美國歷史中bank system的繁榮。

　　在美國金融發(fā)展的歷史中，沒有什么比bank system的繁榮這個論題更具有討論性了。在當時，J給出了他自己的擔憂—這種system只能造福minority。W給出和J相反的擔憂……

　　歷史學家對這個issue也進行了很多研究。從歷史的進程看，both J&W are right。但是他們都忽略了xxx，后面就是具體介紹xxx

　　第一題問的是J&W都同意的是什么，有主旨題……

　　[考古]

　　1.bank expanding is an controversial issue (similar to the issue writing), prisedent W said it will benit the small people ,but fear its oppision __說什么現(xiàn)狀會變。(有題，說WISH WHAT -取非，mantain sth ), 這一點連w的反對者也贊成，。。。。。

　　2。recent study 認為他們都是部分正確1，w如何如何，2。反對者如何如何(有題，w和反對者都agree what ,選銀行擴張is all undesirable).

　　BUt,研究認為bank expanding 有小果——改變原來的elite structure,出現(xiàn)新的力量(atrength)(有題，問研究認為-選出現(xiàn)新的力量)

　　主題題-選討論歷史現(xiàn)象的兩種方法，并指出他們的shortcoming "

　　2.銀行：1830，銀行EXPAND，有兩類人不滿。一種認為，銀行只幫助了少數(shù)人;另一種認為，銀行貸款給任何人，導(dǎo)致社會動蕩?？傊疾粷M(有題)。社會學家分析一類人不滿的原因，有兩種觀點。一個小島的銀行EXPAND，證明兩類不滿的人，都有道理。但是，EXPAND造就了ENTREPRENEUR，回報社會

　　3."1830年美國的銀行系統(tǒng)擴張，W派的人反對，因為這樣會減小貧富差距;另一派的人也反對，但理由和w剛好相反，是認為這樣會加大貧富差距。

　　第二段說后來的研究表明，這兩種觀點有共同的地方云云(75行)

　　Q1: Jackson 同學and Whip 同學在哪些方面對銀行擴張的看法是一致的?

　　Q2: 發(fā)生在P地的銀行擴展的總體評價?"

　　4.1830，銀行EXPAND，有兩類人不滿。一種認為，銀行只幫助了少數(shù)人;另一種認為，銀行貸款給任何人，導(dǎo)致社會動蕩?？傊?，都不滿(有題)。社會學家分析一類人不滿的原因，有兩種觀點。一個小島的銀行EXPAND，證明兩類不滿的人，都有道理。但是，EXPAND造就了ENTREPRENEUR，回報社會。

　　5.有關(guān)銀行的Johnson理論和Whig理論.John派認為expand bank會損壞大多數(shù)人的利益，Whig派認為可以level income.。后來的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)他們都不全面，enterprise通過建立銀行，一些elite脫穎而出。

　　6."jackoson總統(tǒng)對18世紀30年代的銀行擴張很不爽，認為新開的銀行只服務(wù)少數(shù)有錢人。Jackson總統(tǒng)的這番胡言亂語影響很大。但有另外一些人 w盡管對銀行擴張也不爽，但其不爽的原因卻是因為銀行擴張使得一些流氓無產(chǎn)者可以隨便得到資金資助(真一無聊)。后來有些人認為jackson總統(tǒng)的觀點是源自于其平均主義的思想，而另一些人則認為其主張主要是政治需要。

　　有一吃飽了撐著沒事干的哥們對18世紀30年代的新興銀行做了研究，得出結(jié)論認為jackson總統(tǒng)和w都是片面的。還舉了一些evidence。最后這哥們得出結(jié)論認為銀行的擴張為有抱負的年輕企業(yè)家提供了必要的發(fā)展資金，并推動了經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。(這哥們多半是銀行的托兒。)"

　　7."第二篇文章碰到的是前人沒有說的很清楚的杰佛訓總統(tǒng)跟whing兩人對銀行是否要開放的政策那篇

　　1.第一段說總統(tǒng)J覺得應(yīng)該要開放讓所有的人都有權(quán)力參加銀行存款和投資　不可以只局限在部分的有錢有權(quán)力的elite

　　Whig 就反對說這樣會打亂舊有的社會秩序會影響國家的財政　然后說了一些他的看法理由

　　后面說有兩派學者　有人支持J有人支持Whig個有一些理由

　　第二段說現(xiàn)在的學者分析說其實兩個人說的都各有道理　但是他們都miss掉了一些points譬如說......(忘了拍謝)

　　考題:

　　1. 細節(jié)題：Whing最會同意的觀點是?　2. J and Whing觀點哪里不一樣?"

　　American bank system的背景資料 看著那篇JJ，特別暈，尤其是J和W這兩個人的觀點，因此去查了些資料，和大家分享一下。

　　根據(jù)考古和JJ的內(nèi)容，J應(yīng)該指的是美國總統(tǒng)杰克遜，W指的應(yīng)該是一個政黨Whig,即輝格黨。

　　以下是從網(wǎng)上查到的關(guān)于他們對銀行的一些觀點和政策，大家也可以自己去搜索進一步的內(nèi)容

　　Jackson是反對成立中央銀行的。不知道這個是不是那篇閱讀的內(nèi)容。

　　The Second Bank of the United States was authorized for a twenty year period during James Madison&aposs tenure in 1816. As President, Jackson worked to rescind the bank&aposs federal charter. In Jackson&aposs veto message (written by George Bancroft), the bank needed to be abolished because:

　　It concentrated the nation&aposs financial strength in a single institution.

　　It exposed the government to control by foreign interests.

　　It served mainly to make the rich richer.

　　It exercised too much control over members of Congress.

　　It favored northeastern states over southern and western states.

　　Banks are controlled by a few select families.

　　Banks have a long history of instigating wars between nations, forcing them to borrow funding to pay for them.

　　然后由于J總統(tǒng)的這個觀點，引起了bank war.

　　The Bank War is the name given to the controversy over the Second Bank of the United States and the attempts to destroy it by then-president Andrew Jackson. At that time, it was the only nationwide bank and, along with its president Nicholas Biddle, exerted tremendous influence over the nation&aposs financial system. Jackson viewed the Second Bank of the United States as a monopoly since it was a private institution managed by a board of directors, and in 1832 he vetoed the renewal of its charter.

　　輝格黨的成立就是為了反對J總統(tǒng)的一些政策。

　　Established in 1834, the Whig Party was a reaction to the authoritarian policies of Andrew Jackson. “King Andrew,” as his critics labeled him, had enraged his political opponents by his actions regarding the Bank of the United States, Native Americans, the Supreme Court and his use of presidential war powers. The term Whig was taken from English politics, the name of a faction that opposed royal tyranny.

　　Opponents who gravitated to the Whig Party included Jackson critics, states’ rights advocates, and supporters of the American System. In some respects the Whigs were the descendants of the old Federalist Party, supporting theHamiltonian prerence for strong federal action in dealing with national problems.

　　Other components of the emerging coalition that became the Whig Party was the Anti-Masonic Party, the stated purpose of which was to combat the purported threat of Masonic power over political and judicial institutions. William H. Seward and Thurlow Weed of New York and Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania were among the Anti-Masons who migrated to the Whig Party. Another group was the Democratic Conservatives, who opposed their party&aposs financial policies after 1836.

　　Henry Clay and Daniel Webster were the unquestioned luminaries of the Whig Party. Neither was able to overcome sectional jealousies and gain the coveted presidency.

　　以上就是關(guān)于杰克遜總統(tǒng)的GMAT機經(jīng)的全部內(nèi)容，考生朋友可以有選擇的看看，最后需要提醒各位的是，GMAT機經(jīng)雖然會對我們解題有所幫助，但是在考場中即使題目很像也要避免秒選，最后祝大家都能考出好成績。