3月11日GMAT語法機經(jīng)整理.

　　3月2日GMAT換庫后，澳際小編為大家收集整理3月份的GMAT語法機經(jīng)，分享給大家，希望對大家有所幫助，文中觀點僅供參考。

　　【版本1】考到including

　　including的用法太多了=，=!鑒于太殘了，我把Prep里面考到including的題目貼過來。大家復習熟悉一下。

　　A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a decline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing during pupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.

　　A. which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing

　　B. which includes establishing limits to the size of sharks that can be caught, closing

　　C. which include the establishment of size limits for shark catches, the closing of

　　D. including establishing size limits for shark catches, closing (D)

　　E. including the establishing of limits to the size of sharks that are caught, the closing of

　　題目釋義：A study urged to…，including…，closing…，and requiring….

　　考點：

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)(grammatical construction) 邏輯意思(logical predication)

　　1. 定語從句關系代詞which的指代

　　2. 現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨功能動作時，與句子謂語同時發(fā)生，邏輯主語等于句子主語。

　　3. and平行結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　4. limit做動詞時的固定搭配：limit to + 界限;limit on doing sth.(做某事的限制)

　　名詞：size limits 大小、規(guī)模限制

　　5. urge的固定搭配：urge sb. to do sth.

　　6. shark catches: 捕鯊量，此處catch意為a quantity of fish that has been caught at one time

　　選項分析：

　　A. which離其邏輯上所指的remedies太遠，且如果指代remedies不該用單數(shù)includes;the establishment of不如動詞establishing簡潔，而且與后面的closing不平行。

　　B. which和includes錯誤同A;limits to the size of sharks that can be caught不夠簡潔，直接用size limits和shark catches就行

　　C. which錯誤同A;the establishment of和the closing of名詞短語不簡潔且和requiring不平行

　　D. correct;including修飾remedies，including是介詞，其跳躍能力比which強

　　E. limits to the size of sharks that can be caught不夠簡潔，直接用size limits和shark catches就行;the establishment of和the closing of名詞短語不簡潔且和requiring不平行

　　217. (T-3-Q17) (天山-7-14)

　　Not one of the potential investors is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.

　　A. is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were

　　B. is expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until they sign a merger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal was

　　C. is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement be signed by them with a provision for penalties if the deal were

　　D. are expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until it signs a merger agreement with a provision for penalties included if the deal was (A)

　　E. are expected to be making an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until they sign a merger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal were

　　題目釋義：Not one of n.s is expected to do sth. until a MA is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.

　　考點：

　　主謂一致(agreement) 習慣用語(idiom)

　　1. (not) one of the+名詞復數(shù)+單數(shù)形式謂語;Not one of =none of。

　　2. 虛擬語氣：與將來事實相反，條件從句的謂語be動詞一律用were to+動詞原形。

　　3. 被動語態(tài)未必比主動語態(tài)差，被動語態(tài)有其特殊功能，比如可以避免寫出動作發(fā)出者來避免錯誤或累贅。

　　選項分析：

　　A. Correct;a merger agreement引導的句子并不是if the deal were的主句，If the deal were中的If可以理解為“in case (that)”，后接虛擬語氣，由此可見虛擬條件句不一定非要虛擬主句才能使用(if the deal were這個用法其實也和if any類似，作為獨立成分出現(xiàn)在句中);a merger agreement is signed that includes中that沒有直接與a merger agreement相鄰而且跳過了謂語動詞修飾，這說明關系代詞短距離跳躍指代是允許的

　　B. 表示動作的目的用to do比for buying更好，表示一個動作趨向;they無指代;虛擬語氣用用was錯誤

　　C. be signed時態(tài)錯誤;with a provision修飾be signed，意思成了需要一個條例來規(guī)范”簽署”這一動作，而不再是簽署有這一條例的協(xié)議;them和an offer單復數(shù)不匹配，一個投資者只能有一個offer，并不需要寫出by them

　　D. are錯誤，主謂不一致;For buying錯誤同B;虛擬語氣用was錯誤;It無指代

　　E. are錯誤，主謂不一致;they和an offer單復數(shù)不匹配，一個投資者只能有一個offer，選項這么寫好像在說只要一有投資者，那么所有的潛在投資者都要簽署agreement，所以最好的寫法是通過被動語態(tài)來避免直接寫出動作行使者

　　補充說明：

　　1. 關于定語從句的關系代詞能否跨越謂語動詞指代：如果關系代詞與先行詞相隔較短，關系代詞能跨越謂語動詞指代，如本句a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision。

　　2. 關于none of(by windmaple)：None可以等于not one(動詞用單數(shù))，也可以等于not any(動詞用復數(shù))，這個是有爭論的，Manhattan Review SC上的SANAM說none要看情況定動詞單復數(shù);manhattan forum上的結(jié)論是：因為none在OG里面從來沒用過復數(shù)動詞，所以大家還是選單數(shù)吧。

　　235. (GWD-9-Q1)

　　A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer&aposs Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

　　A. Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

　　B. Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison

　　C. a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

　　D. a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man (E)

　　E. a Black American—the others being Richard Wright&aposs Native Son and Ralph Ellison&aposs Invisible Man

　　題目釋義：…, Book C… -- Book NS and Book Invisible Man…

　　考點：

　　平行結(jié)構(gòu)(parallelism) 邏輯意思(logical predication)

　　1. 主語是書，平行對稱應該也是書。

　　2. 破折號在這里的用處是補充說明主句的內(nèi)容

　　選項分析：

　　A. 破折號之前的主語是Cane這本書，后面平行的也需要對應是書而不是人，所以后面的平行錯誤;語法上a black american或black americans都沒有錯，但在此用單數(shù)更為清晰，明確指出了一本書是一個人寫，而沒有多個人寫的歧義

　　B. Richard Wright&aposs Native Son和Jean Toomer&aposs Cane不夠?qū)ΨQ，不如E好;語法上a black american或black americans都沒有錯，但在此用單數(shù)更為清晰，明確指出了一本書是一個人寫，而沒有多個人寫的歧義

　　C. 破折號后面的平行錯誤同A

　　D. 破折號后面的平行錯誤同A

　　E. Correct;the others being用法正確，Jean Toomer&aposs Cane，Richard Wright&aposs Native Son，Ralph Ellison&aposs Invisible Man平行的最漂亮完美：不僅僅都是書，而且都用了所有格。

　　補充說明：

　　1. being+n.不一定錯。本題破折號后可以還原為句子：The others are RW’s NS and RE’s IM.

　　2. 關于用Black Americans還是用a Black American：日常寫作中用Black Americans和a Black American都可以，邏輯和語法都沒有問題，GMAT家似乎傾向于使用后者，更加清晰指出一本書是一個人寫。

　　218. (T-4-Q33)

　　In attempting to solve the problems caused by a lowering of the price of oil, oil companies operating in the North Sea have taken a variety of approaches, which includes their reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more ficiently from smaller fields, and finding innovative ways to cut the cost of building and operating platforms.

　　A. which includes their reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more ficiently

　　B. which includes reducing employment, using new technology to be more ficient in pumping oil

　　C. which include reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more ficiently

　　D. which include the reduction of employment, their using new technology to pump oil more ficiently (C)

　　E. including a reduction of employment, their use of new technology to be more ficient at pumping oil

　　題目釋義：In attempting to solve……，oil companies have taken……，which ……，using……

　　考點：

　　1. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)中要注意平行對象要對等(形式和功能)，動作性名詞不能和名詞性名詞平行并列

　　2. (1) “a variety of/ a number of + 復數(shù)名詞”后面謂語用復數(shù)形式;

　　(2) the number of / the variety of + 復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù);

　　(3) “a body of/a collection of/an arrary of/a series of/a set of/a portion of/a group of/ a constellation of/a team of + 復數(shù)名詞”作主語后面謂語都用單數(shù)形式，因為body/collection等被視作集合名詞(collective noun)，后面是of引導的介賓短語做形容詞。

　　選項分析：

　　A. a variety of +復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，且which引導的定語從句修飾approaches，所以includes錯;their reducing中their多余(有效性錯誤)。

　　B. includes主謂不一致錯誤;using new technology to be more ficient改變句意，變得不合理(更加有效率地使用新技術，合理句意應該是新技術使得pump更加有效率);在做某事有效率要用at doing sth.。

　　C. Correct;reducing, using, finding三者平行。

　　D. reduction，their using與finding不平行

　　E. reduction，use與finding不平行;use of new technology to be more ficient改變句意，變得不合理(更加有效率地使用新技術，合理句意應該是新技術使得pump更加有效率)

　　補充說明：

　　1. In attempt to與in attempting to沒有區(qū)別

　　2. Efficient at與ficient in doing sth.：

　　At:做某事時有效率 Their equipment was not as ficient at finding gold as today&aposs machinery.

　　In:在某方面節(jié)約有效 The heating system is very ficient in its use of of fuel.

　　以上就是3月11日GMAT語法的全部內(nèi)容，分享給大家，考生朋友可以看看這個語法知識點是否掌握，最后祝大家都能考出好成績。