德國柏林自由大學(xué)本科課程介紹

本文標(biāo)題：德國柏林自由大學(xué)本科課程介紹，如今留學(xué)的人越來越多，不論高中生、大學(xué)生還是讀研的學(xué)生，都想早日去留學(xué)接受好的教育，很多同學(xué)對德國柏林自由大學(xué)本科課程介紹,德國留學(xué)中介,德國留學(xué)條件的相關(guān)問題有所疑問，下面澳際小編整理了《德國柏林自由大學(xué)本科課程介紹》，歡迎閱讀，如有疑問歡迎聯(lián)系我們的在線老師，進(jìn)行一對一答疑。

　　柏林自由大學(xué)是德國一所著名的大學(xué)，在今年的QS權(quán)威世界大學(xué)排名中排在第123位。和德國的哲學(xué)一樣，柏林自由大學(xué)秉承嚴(yán)肅的學(xué)風(fēng)。以下是澳際為大家整理并翻譯的柏林自由大學(xué)課程介紹介紹，主要是本科階段課程結(jié)構(gòu)的介紹，希望對有意留學(xué)德國的學(xué)生有幫助。

　　一、What are bachelor’s degree programs?

　　The bachelor’s degree is the standard degree awarded by German and european higher education institutions. With a bachelor’s degree, you can apply for admission to a suitable master’s degree program practically anywhere in the world.

　　什么是學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目

　　學(xué)士學(xué)位是德國和歐洲高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)授予的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)位。持有學(xué)士學(xué)位，可以申請世界各地的碩士學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目入學(xué)。

　　Bachelor’s degree programs in the sciences, economics, computer science, mathematics, and psychology at Freie Universit?t Berlin lead to the degree of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.), while all other bachelor’s degree programs culminate in the degree of Bachelor of Arts (B.A.). The term “science” applies primarily to the sciences, while “arts,” as in the Magister Artium degree, follows the tradition of the “l(fā)iberal arts” handed down from the Middle Ages. Today, this category typically includes all of the humanities and the social sciences.

　　在柏林自由大學(xué)，科學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和物理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目構(gòu)成理科學(xué)士學(xué)位;其他的學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目則構(gòu)成文科學(xué)士學(xué)位?！皊cience”這個術(shù)語適用于科學(xué)學(xué)科，而“arts”一詞 適用于中世紀(jì)傳統(tǒng)中的“人文學(xué)科”。如今，arts基本囊括了所有人文學(xué)科和社會科學(xué)學(xué)科。

　　Combination bachelor’s degree programs

　　The structure of a bachelor’s or master’s degree program varies according to subject (or subject combination) and by institution. About half of the bachelor’s degree programs offered at Freie Universit?t are combination bachelor’s degree programs, which comprise a core subject (typically 90 credits) and one or two separate modules (one 60-credit module or two 30-credit modules). The only exception is Judaistik with 120-LP + 30-LP. Students can choose their modules from a broad range of subjects unless a specific combination is required. Candidates are admitted separately to the core subject and module or modules (for modules: 80% depending on the quality of the average grade, 20% according to wait time), but students can only enroll for all of the components of the program together at the same time.

　　組合學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目

　　學(xué)士或碩士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目的結(jié)構(gòu)因?qū)W科(學(xué)科組合)和機(jī)構(gòu)而異。在柏林自由大學(xué)，大約一半的學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目屬于組合學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目，包括一門核心科目(一般占90個學(xué)分)和一到二個獨(dú)立模塊(一個60學(xué)分模塊或兩個30學(xué)分模塊)。唯一的例外的猶太研究(120-LP + 30-LP)。除非有特定組合要求，學(xué)生可以從諸多學(xué)科中選擇模塊。候選人分次入選核心科目和模塊(對于模塊的申請，80%取決于平均成績的高低，20%取決于等待時(shí)間)，但可以同時(shí)注冊核心科目和模塊。

　　“Mono” (single-subject) bachelor’s degree programs

　　The other half of the bachelor’s degree programs offered at Freie Universit?t are “mono,” or single-subject, bachelor’s degree programs. In addition to the core subject applied for, students also study related areas or related modules, which, unlike the separate modules included in the combination bachelor’s degree programs, do not require additional admission. Students also take 30 credits of general professional skills courses in every combination and mono bachelor’s degree program; no application or request is required for this area.

　　單一科目學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目

　　柏林自由大學(xué)另一半的學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目是單一科目學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目。除了學(xué)習(xí)所申請的核心科目，學(xué)生也學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域或相關(guān)模塊。但不同于組合學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目中的獨(dú)立孤立模塊。這些相關(guān)模塊不要求另外入學(xué)。組合學(xué)位項(xiàng)目和單一學(xué)位項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生都要學(xué)習(xí)30個學(xué)分的一般專業(yè)技能課程，一般專業(yè)技能課程不需申請，也沒有特別的要求。

　　二、Academic program structure

　　Bachelor’s degree programs at Freie Universit?t typically last six semesters (exceptions: Italian Studies, French Studies, both of which last seven semesters and Japan Studies, Korean Studies wich last eight semesters). Almost all programs begin in the winter semester only.

　　學(xué)術(shù)項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)

　　柏林自由大學(xué)的學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目通常有六個學(xué)期：意大利研究和法國研究例外，它們都持續(xù)七個學(xué)期;日本研究和韓國研究也例外，有八個學(xué)期。幾乎所有項(xiàng)目只在冬季學(xué)期開課。

　　All academic courses are combined into modules, which are generally completed when a student takes a graded module exam (which may consist of several sections). There is no single large final examination; instead, the module exams are automatically considered part of the bachelor’s degree examination (Bachelor-Prüfung), and all module exam grades are counted toward the overall grade on the bachelor’s degree exam. As a result, most courses in the bachelor’s degree programs are required courses that demand regular, active participation.

　　所有專業(yè)課程由兩個模塊組成，學(xué)生參加分級模塊考試(由七個部分組成)之后就算完成。沒有單一的期末考試;相反，模塊考試自動算作學(xué)士學(xué)位考試的一部分，并且所有模塊考試成績會計(jì)入學(xué)士學(xué)位考試的總成績中。這樣一來，大部分學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目課程都是必修課，要求學(xué)生定期積極參與。

　　Credits are awarded for the efforts a student has invested toward a module after the exam in that module is passed: One credit under the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) is equivalent to 30 hours of work on that subject by the student (class attendance, self-study, preparing for module exams, time spent taking exams, required professional internships, etc.).

　　模塊考試結(jié)束之后，根據(jù)學(xué)生在模塊中投入的努力給予學(xué)分。歐洲學(xué)分轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng)下的一個學(xué)分相當(dāng)于學(xué)生在相關(guān)科目上的30個學(xué)時(shí)。包括出勤、自學(xué)、模塊考試準(zhǔn)備、考試用時(shí)、必修專業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)等。

　　A six-semester program always comprises 180 credits, which means students should plan on earning an average of 30 credits each semester. In this system, the amount of time a student needs is 30 x 30 = 900 hours over six months (no teaching activity, or vorlesungsfreie Zeit, is not the same as a semester break (Semesterferien), but instead is time set aside for exams, block courses, internships, etc.).

　　六個學(xué)期的項(xiàng)目占180個學(xué)分，也就是說學(xué)生平均每個學(xué)期應(yīng)該計(jì)劃拿30個學(xué)分。在這一體制中，學(xué)生在半年里總共花的時(shí)間是900個小時(shí)。(沒有教學(xué)活動不等于放假，相反，這段時(shí)間用于考試、短期課程和實(shí)習(xí)。)

　　The sequence of classes (Studienverlaufsplan) is shown in the appendix to the study regulations for each discipline. This chart shows which modules should be completed during which semesters (many course sequences start only in the winter semester and are taken over two consecutive semesters).

　　課程順序附于每門學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)章中。附錄對哪個學(xué)期要上哪個模塊有說明(大部分課程只在冬季學(xué)期開課，并且連上兩個學(xué)期)。

　　In the core subject, the student writes a bachelor’s degree thesis, which is typically about 25 pages long and must be prepared within eight weeks; sometimes there is also a thirty-minute oral examination on the content of the student’s paper.

　　在核心科目中，學(xué)生需要寫學(xué)士學(xué)位論文。論文長度一般為25頁，必須在八周之內(nèi)準(zhǔn)備好;有時(shí)會有關(guān)于學(xué)生論文內(nèi)容的30分鐘口語考試。

　　三、Separate modules, modules, related areas – what’s the difference?

　　Not all bachelor’s degree programs involve separate modules like in the combination type, but every program does involve modules of some kind.

　　獨(dú)立模塊、模塊和相關(guān)領(lǐng)域有什么區(qū)別

　　不是所有學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目都想組合學(xué)位項(xiàng)目那樣有獨(dú)立模塊，但每個項(xiàng)目都涉及一定形式的模塊。

　　Bachelor’s degree programs follow a modular structure, which means that the individual courses are bundled together into modules, each of which is completed with a module exam.

　　學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目采用模塊結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是說，單門課程結(jié)合在一起組成模塊，單門課程通過模塊考試完成。

　　Separate modules, called Modulangebote, are components of the combination bachelor’s degree program. The core subject is combined with either one 60-credit module or two 30-credit modules.

　　獨(dú)立模塊也叫Modulangebote，是組合學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目的組成要素。核心科目與占60學(xué)分的單個模塊或占30學(xué)分的兩個模塊結(jié)合。

　　Related areas or related modules (affine Bereiche, affine Module) can be components of a “mono,” or single-subject, bachelor’s degree program. The content studied in these areas should generally have some relation to the core subject and should supplement the subject-specific profile of the program in which the student is enrolled. If the study regulations allot 30 credits to related modules, the student may also be able to select a 30-credit separate module (Modulangebot); in this case, however, there must be space left for mono bachelor’s students who wish to enroll in the module after all combination bachelor’s students have been admitted. Mono bachelor’s students are also required to have met any necessary prerequisites (such as prior language skills).

　　相關(guān)領(lǐng)域或相關(guān)模塊可以是單一科目學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目的構(gòu)成要素。相關(guān)模塊的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容一般與核心科目有關(guān)，并作為學(xué)生注冊的特定學(xué)科項(xiàng)目的補(bǔ)充。如果學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)章規(guī)定相關(guān)模塊占30個學(xué)分，學(xué)生還可以選修一個占30學(xué)分的獨(dú)立模塊。不過，在這種情況下，需要在所有組合學(xué)士學(xué)生入學(xué)之后，為有意注冊獨(dú)立模塊的單一學(xué)士學(xué)生留有名額。單一學(xué)士學(xué)生同時(shí)還需要滿足任何要求的前提條件，比如先前語言技能。

　　Students apply to the appropriate department administration for admission to related modules; this should take place in coordination with the academic advising service for the core subject. Students are not generally permitted to attend individual courses without a written notice from the department regarding admission to the module.

　　學(xué)生需要向相關(guān)系級管理申請，才能入學(xué)相關(guān)模塊;這應(yīng)該和核心科目的專業(yè)指導(dǎo)服務(wù)同步。持有模塊入學(xué)管理部門開具的書面通知，才能上單門課程。

　　四、General professional skills studies

　　All bachelor’s degree programs at Freie Universit?t include a mandatory 30 credits of general professional skills studies, which are available in two different types:

　　1.General professional skills courses (Allgemeine Berufsvorbereitung, abbreviated ABV) and

　　2.Teaching-related professional courses (Lehramtsbezogene Berufswissenschaft, abbreviated LBW).

　　Both types are subject to their own study and examination regulations.

　　一般專業(yè)技能學(xué)習(xí)

　　柏林自由大學(xué)的所有學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目都包含占30個必修學(xué)分的一般專業(yè)技能學(xué)習(xí)。一般專業(yè)技能學(xué)習(xí)分為兩個不同的類型：

　　1.一般專業(yè)技能課程

　　2.教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程。

　　兩種類型各有自己的學(xué)習(xí)和考試制度。

　　Students who are enrolled in bachelor’s degree programs in combinations that permit them to keep the option of becomming a teacher and wish to do so are required to take teaching-related professional courses (LBW courses). In all other cases, students enroll in general professional skills courses (ABV courses).

　　注冊組合學(xué)士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目且有意當(dāng)教師的學(xué)生，需要上教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程。所有其它情況的學(xué)生，上一般專業(yè)技能課程。

　　Please note: Students are not eligible for the option to become a teacher if they take ABV courses rather than LBW courses in a combination of subjects that would be relevant for a teaching option. It is possible to switch from LBW to ABV courses by arrangement with the board of examiners for the core subject, since LBW modules are eligible for ABV credit. By contrast, it is not possible to switch from ABV to LBW, since the general professional skills profile of the teaching-related modules has no equivalent among the ABV courses.

　　請注意：在與教學(xué)相關(guān)的組合學(xué)科中選一般專業(yè)技能課程而不選教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程的學(xué)生，沒有資格選擇教師選擇。由于教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程模塊學(xué)分可以轉(zhuǎn)為一般專業(yè)技能課程學(xué)分，學(xué)生可以和核心科目考試團(tuán)協(xié)商，從教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程轉(zhuǎn)入一般專業(yè)課程。相反，不可以從一般專業(yè)課程轉(zhuǎn)入教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程，因?yàn)橐话銓I(yè)技能教學(xué)相關(guān)模塊在教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程中沒有同等課程。

　　Since students do not enroll separately for ABV and LBW courses, students must be careful to choose the right area and register on time for the appropriate modules.

　　由于教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程和一般專業(yè)課程不需要分別注冊，學(xué)生必須謹(jǐn)慎選擇，以便選到正確的領(lǐng)域，及時(shí)注冊適當(dāng)?shù)哪K。

　　General professional skills (ABV) courses

　　General professional skills (Allgemeine Berufsvorbereitung, abbreviated ABV) courses include a mandatory professional internship and modules that can be chosen from the following skill areas or, if permitted under the study regulations, from additional qualifications related to the subject.

　　一般專業(yè)技能課程

　　一般專業(yè)技能課程包括必修專業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)和可以從以下技能領(lǐng)域選擇的模塊(如果學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)章允許，可以從學(xué)科相關(guān)其他證書中選)：

　　ABV skill areas:

　　Foreign languages

　　Information and media skills

　　Gender and diversity awareness

　　Organizational and management skills

　　Communications skills

　　Subject-related additional qualifications

　　Professional internship

　　一般專業(yè)技能課程技能領(lǐng)域包括：外國語言，信息和媒體技術(shù)，性別和多元意識，組織管理技能，溝通技能，學(xué)科相關(guān)其他證書，專業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)。

　　Teaching-related professional (LBW) courses

　　LBW courses introduce students to the fundamental issues of education, teaching, and schooling. Students enrolled in these courses should explore the school setting as a future career field and learn to reflect on their practical experiences with the guidance of theory. Students also learn the basics of how to teach and learn the specific content of the subject-specific academic modules.

　　教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程

　　教學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程向?qū)W生介紹教育、教學(xué)和學(xué)校教育中的基本問題。作為未來職業(yè)方向，注冊這些課程的學(xué)生需要探索學(xué)校設(shè)置，學(xué)會在理論的指導(dǎo)下反思自己的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。此外，學(xué)生需要學(xué)習(xí)基本的教學(xué)法，學(xué)習(xí)特定科目專業(yè)模塊的特定內(nèi)容。

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