SAT滿分作文 含翻譯和解析.

一、寫作題目

Think carully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below

A better understanding of other people contributes to the development of moral virtues. We shall be both kinder and fairer in our treatment of others if we understand them better. Understanding ourselves and understanding others are connected, since as human beings we all have things in common.

Assignment: Do we need other people in order to understand ourselves? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.

題目翻譯：

更好地了解他人有助于道德品行的發(fā)展。如果我們更好地了解他人的話，我們就會(huì)更加友好和公正地對(duì)待他們。了解自己和了解他人是緊密相連的，因?yàn)樽鳛槿祟愇覀兌加泄餐c(diǎn)。

命題：為了認(rèn)識(shí)自己，我們是否需要他人？

二、6分范文

Most parents and teachers tell students the extremely tired cliché of the consequences of following the crowd. It is said that, in order to be a completely individual thinker, one must ignore what others say. Such advice is certainly true to some extent; unreasonable malice must be forgotten in order to keep some level of self-esteem. However, as with most ideas, this one can not be taken in absolute form. In at least some respects, we need other people in order to understand ourselves.

An excellent example of a literary character that could have psychologically benitted from social interaction is J. Alfred Prufrock from T.S. Eliot’s poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.” In the poem, Prufrck desires a relationship with a woman very much, but he rrains from initiating conversation because he fears that he could not hold the interest of a sophisticated lady. Should Prufrock have taken the step to accept other people into his life, he most likely would have discovered, as the reader of the poem certainly did, that he is most articulate. Others would have impressed upon him the beauty of his words and his talent for prose. If Prufrock would have spoken his song a loud, the ladies surely would have shown him what he himself did not understand. Since the ladies would reveal Prufrock’s talents to him, it is true that we need others in order to understand ourselves.

The lesson of learning from other’s opinions of yourself extends much farther than the song of a fictional character. Two days ago, in an art class, my group of students had assigned self portraits due. Most of us brought in photographs of ourselves. Nevertheless, one boy brought nothing and handed us all slips of paper. He told us to write a word to describe him, and when we had done so, he pasted the words on a poster. This must have been a revealing exercise for him because, upon the sight of such descriptions as “bitter” and “sarcastic”, he was shocked. In the case of this boy, he had not realized how his personality appeared to others. Though he might not have thought himself “bitter”, his friend’s comments certainly made him seem that way. The fact that we need others in order to understand ourselves is clearly shown by this boy’s revelation.

范文翻譯：

隨大流的后果是大多數(shù)家長和老師對(duì)學(xué)生掛在嘴邊的老生常談。他們說，為了成為完全獨(dú)立的思想者，一個(gè)人必須忽視他人的看法。在某種程度上，這種建議是正確的；我們必須忘記無理的惡言惡語，以保持適度的自尊。然而，和對(duì)待其他思想一樣，我們對(duì)此種思想的認(rèn)同也不能絕對(duì)化。至少，在某些方面，我們需要他人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。

一位文學(xué)人物，T.S.艾略特(T.S. Eliot)的詩作“J·阿爾弗瑞德·普魯弗洛克的情歌”(“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.”)中的主人公J·阿爾弗瑞德·普魯弗洛克(J. Alfred Prufrock)是這一觀點(diǎn)的絕佳范例。他本可以從社會(huì)交往中得到心理慰藉。在詩中，普魯弗洛克渴望能和一位女子發(fā)展關(guān)系，但由于擔(dān)心自己無法引起一位見多識(shí)廣的女士的興趣，他不敢主動(dòng)上前攀談。如果普魯弗洛克能夠行動(dòng)起來，將他人納入生活的話，他很可能會(huì)和該詩的讀者一樣，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己是多么的精于言辭。人們會(huì)折服于他的錦繡文章和絕妙文才。如果普魯弗洛克能夠大聲唱出他的情歌，女士們一定會(huì)帶他發(fā)現(xiàn)他所不了解的事情。由于女士們能為普魯弗洛克揭示他的才能，所以我們確實(shí)需要他人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。

從他人對(duì)自己的看法中受益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可不只跟虛構(gòu)人物的情歌有關(guān)。兩天前是我們小組學(xué)生的美術(shù)課作業(yè)交稿日，作業(yè)是一幅自畫像。大部分學(xué)生帶來了自己的照片。然而，一個(gè)男生空手而來，并且遞給我們每人一張紙條。他讓我們每人寫一個(gè)詞形容他。我們完成以后，他把這些詞粘在一張大紙上。這對(duì)他來說一定是一次發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅，因?yàn)榭匆娭T如“刻薄”，“尖酸”之類的形容詞，他震驚了。對(duì)這位男生來說，他從未認(rèn)識(shí)到在別人眼里他是怎樣的個(gè)性。雖然他可能并不認(rèn)為自己“刻薄”，但朋友的評(píng)論顯然表明他是這樣的。這位男生的啟示清楚地證明了，我們需要?jiǎng)e人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。

三、得分點(diǎn)詳解

1fectively and insightfully develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates outstanding critical thinking, using clearly appropriate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position

圍繞論題有效、深刻地發(fā)展一個(gè)論點(diǎn)，運(yùn)用貼切的事例、因果分析和其他證據(jù)支持論點(diǎn)，從而展示出色的思辨能力。

針對(duì)命題“為了認(rèn)識(shí)自己，我們是否需要他人？”，本文采用讓步法，先承認(rèn)“我們必須忘記無理的惡言惡語，以保持適度的自尊?！保╱nreasonable malice must be forgotten in order to keep some level of self-esteem.），接下來筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，指出“然而，和對(duì)待其他思想一樣，我們對(duì)此種思想的認(rèn)同也不能絕對(duì)化?！保℉owever, as with most ideas, this one can not be taken in absolute form.）然后提出論點(diǎn) “至少，在某些方面，我們需要他人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。”(In at least some respects, we need other people in order to understand ourselves.)。這種開頭方式充分考慮了雙方立場(chǎng)，體現(xiàn)出思維的全面性和邏輯的嚴(yán)密性。為了支持論點(diǎn)，作者以T.S.艾略特(T.S. Eliot)的詩作“J·阿爾弗瑞德·普魯弗洛克的情歌”(“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.”)中的主人公J·阿爾弗瑞德·普魯弗洛克(J. Alfred Prufrock)和自己的同學(xué)為例，從正反兩方面論證了他人在自我認(rèn)識(shí)中的重要地位。普魯弗洛克沒能跨出與人交往的第一步，因而失去了發(fā)現(xiàn)自己才能的機(jī)會(huì)；而作者的同學(xué)則從組員的評(píng)價(jià)中看見了自己未曾意識(shí)到的一面。在敘述事例時(shí)，作者實(shí)現(xiàn)了抽象概念具體化，普魯弗洛克事例中的他人是指普魯弗洛克未能與之交往的女士們，而自我認(rèn)識(shí)則是指認(rèn)識(shí)到普魯弗洛克的語言天分。同學(xué)的事例中他人是指組員，自我認(rèn)識(shí)是指這位同學(xué)“尖酸”“刻薄”的個(gè)性。（upon the sight of such descriptions as “bitter” and “sarcastic”, he was shocked.）在普魯弗洛克的事例中，作者采用了假設(shè)推理法，指出既然“情歌”展示出普魯弗洛克超強(qiáng)的語言駕馭能力，那么，如果普魯弗洛克能夠和女士們交往的話，他就會(huì)從她們口中聽到對(duì)他“錦繡文章和絕妙文才”的贊揚(yáng)，從而“發(fā)現(xiàn)自己是多么的精于言辭” （Should Prufrock have taken the step to accept other people into his life, he most likely would have discovered, as the reader of the poem certainly did, that he is most articulate. Others would have impressed upon him the beauty of his words and his talent for prose. If Prufrock would have spoken his song a loud, the ladies surely would have shown him what he himself did not understand.）后一個(gè)例子作者從現(xiàn)象分析原因，抓住同學(xué)的“震驚”，推理出朋友的評(píng)論一定讓他突然看見了和自我評(píng)價(jià)不相符的一面。

這篇文章分析非常深刻，事例也很貼切，展現(xiàn)了出色的思辨能力。

2is well organized and clearly focused, demonstrating clear coherence and smooth progression of ideas

結(jié)構(gòu)合理，中心明確，思路連貫，銜接自然。

文章采用總-分結(jié)構(gòu)，首段提出論點(diǎn)，其余兩段用事例證明論點(diǎn)。沒有總結(jié)段是個(gè)小小的遺憾。在敘述事例的時(shí)候，作者綜合運(yùn)用了表示因果的 “because”, “since”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折的 “but”, “nevertheless”, “though”等過渡詞，第三段開頭作者以“從他人對(duì)自己的看法中受益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可不只跟虛構(gòu)人物的情歌有關(guān)?！保═he lesson of learning from other’s opinions of yourself extends much farther than the song of a fictional character.）引出第二個(gè)例子，十分自然。

全文緊扣論點(diǎn)，不枝不蔓，起承轉(zhuǎn)合十分得體。

3exhibits skillful use of language, using a varied, accurate, and apt vocabulary

顯示運(yùn)用語言的技巧，詞匯豐富、準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng)

4demonstrates meaningful variety in sentence structure

運(yùn)用多種句子結(jié)構(gòu)

5is free of most errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics

在語法、用法和技巧上錯(cuò)誤很少

本篇范文優(yōu)雅形象的語言非常值得廣大考生學(xué)習(xí)。尤其是第二段，可謂字字珠璣。 “desires a relationship”把普魯弗洛克對(duì)女子的向往表達(dá)得含蓄而優(yōu)美， “rrains from initiating conversation” 中 “rrain”（克制）一詞則道盡了普魯弗洛克的隱忍，接下來，作者在勾畫普魯弗洛克向往的女性形象時(shí)選用了 “sophisticated”（有教養(yǎng)的，見多識(shí)廣的）一詞，和“情詩”中兩次重現(xiàn)的一句話“In the room the women come and go/Talking of Michelangelo”（房間里女人來往穿梭，談?wù)撝讋P朗基羅）[1]暗合，不僅體現(xiàn)了作者的語言功底，而且表明作者確實(shí)對(duì)艾略特的詩有所研究。下一句中的 “accept other people into his life” 則很有動(dòng)感，非常形象。作者對(duì)各種句式的運(yùn)用也很熟練。第一段中， “However, as with most ideas, this one can not be taken in absolute form.” 運(yùn)用了插入語； “unreasonable malice must be forgotten in order to keep some level of self-esteem.” 是被動(dòng)式；第二段運(yùn)用了大量虛擬句， 如 “Should Prufrock have ….” 全文長短句結(jié)合，參差有序。

四、經(jīng)典詞句

Malice 惡意

例：Unreasonable malice must be forgotten in order to keep some level of self-esteem.

Words spoken in malice wound.

rrain 抑制，克制

例：He rrains from initiating conversation because he fears that he could not hold the interest of a sophisticated lady.

Please rrain from smoking during the performance.

Sophisticated 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，高雅的，見過世面的

例：He rrains from initiating conversation because he fears that he could not hold the interest of a sophisticated lady.

Mr. Smith is a sophisticated world traveler.

articulate 表達(dá)能力強(qiáng)的

例：He most likely would have discovered, as the reader of the poem certainly did, that he is most articulate.

She was too frightened to articulate.

Revealing 揭露真相的

例：This must have been a revealing exercise for him

The book is very revealing about young people’s views of themselves

upon the sight of 看見

例：Upon the sight of such descriptions as “bitter” and “sarcastic”, he was shocked.

I had come upon the sight of the place after a long and tiring circuit.

In the case of 就……而言

例：In the case of this boy, he had not realized how his personality appeared to others.

It&aposs the kind of story we think of as myth. But in the case of Lincoln, the story is true.

五、事例擴(kuò)展

普魯弗洛克的例子還可以用于關(guān)于文學(xué)藝術(shù)的話題，如

1.Can books and stories about characters and events that are not real teach us anything usul?

2.Is the main value of the arts to teach us about the world around us?

以及關(guān)于決定的話題，如

1.Are decisions made quickly just as good as decisions made slowly and carully?

2.Should people let their feelings guide them when they make important decisions?

3.What is your opinion of the claim that making a bad decision is sometimes better than making no decision at all?

同學(xué)的例子還可以用于關(guān)于謊言和與人相處的藝術(shù)的話題，如

1.Is deception ever justified?

2.Is praising others, even if the praise is excessive or underserved， a necessary part of life?

3.Would the world be a better place if everyone always told the complete truth?

4.Do circumstances determine whether or not we should tell the truth?

5.Is criticism-judging or finding fault with the ideas and actions of others-essential for personal well-being and social progress?

6.Is it sometimes necessary to be impolite?

7.What is your opinion of the claim that sometimes honesty is not the best policy?

[1] 引自 “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”原文，米開朗基羅是意大利文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期偉大的繪畫家、雕塑家、建筑師和詩人，文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期雕塑藝術(shù)最高峰的代表。與拉斐爾和達(dá)芬奇并稱為文藝復(fù)興后三杰。

一、寫作題目

Think carully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below

A better understanding of other people contributes to the development of moral virtues. We shall be both kinder and fairer in our treatment of others if we understand them better. Understanding ourselves and understanding others are connected, since as human beings we all have things in common.

Assignment: Do we need other people in order to understand ourselves? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.

題目翻譯：

更好地了解他人有助于道德品行的發(fā)展。如果我們更好地了解他人的話，我們就會(huì)更加友好和公正地對(duì)待他們。了解自己和了解他人是緊密相連的，因?yàn)樽鳛槿祟愇覀兌加泄餐c(diǎn)。

命題：為了認(rèn)識(shí)自己，我們是否需要他人？

二、6分范文

Most parents and teachers tell students the extremely tired cliché of the consequences of following the crowd. It is said that, in order to be a completely individual thinker, one must ignore what others say. Such advice is certainly true to some extent; unreasonable malice must be forgotten in order to keep some level of self-esteem. However, as with most ideas, this one can not be taken in absolute form. In at least some respects, we need other people in order to understand ourselves.

An excellent example of a literary character that could have psychologically benitted from social interaction is J. Alfred Prufrock from T.S. Eliot’s poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.” In the poem, Prufrck desires a relationship with a woman very much, but he rrains from initiating conversation because he fears that he could not hold the interest of a sophisticated lady. Should Prufrock have taken the step to accept other people into his life, he most likely would have discovered, as the reader of the poem certainly did, that he is most articulate. Others would have impressed upon him the beauty of his words and his talent for prose. If Prufrock would have spoken his song a loud, the ladies surely would have shown him what he himself did not understand. Since the ladies would reveal Prufrock’s talents to him, it is true that we need others in order to understand ourselves.

The lesson of learning from other’s opinions of yourself extends much farther than the song of a fictional character. Two days ago, in an art class, my group of students had assigned self portraits due. Most of us brought in photographs of ourselves. Nevertheless, one boy brought nothing and handed us all slips of paper. He told us to write a word to describe him, and when we had done so, he pasted the words on a poster. This must have been a revealing exercise for him because, upon the sight of such descriptions as “bitter” and “sarcastic”, he was shocked. In the case of this boy, he had not realized how his personality appeared to others. Though he might not have thought himself “bitter”, his friend’s comments certainly made him seem that way. The fact that we need others in order to understand ourselves is clearly shown by this boy’s revelation.

范文翻譯：

隨大流的后果是大多數(shù)家長和老師對(duì)學(xué)生掛在嘴邊的老生常談。他們說，為了成為完全獨(dú)立的思想者，一個(gè)人必須忽視他人的看法。在某種程度上，這種建議是正確的；我們必須忘記無理的惡言惡語，以保持適度的自尊。然而，和對(duì)待其他思想一樣，我們對(duì)此種思想的認(rèn)同也不能絕對(duì)化。至少，在某些方面，我們需要他人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。

一位文學(xué)人物，T.S.艾略特(T.S. Eliot)的詩作“J·阿爾弗瑞德·普魯弗洛克的情歌”(“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.”)中的主人公J·阿爾弗瑞德·普魯弗洛克(J. Alfred Prufrock)是這一觀點(diǎn)的絕佳范例。他本可以從社會(huì)交往中得到心理慰藉。在詩中，普魯弗洛克渴望能和一位女子發(fā)展關(guān)系，但由于擔(dān)心自己無法引起一位見多識(shí)廣的女士的興趣，他不敢主動(dòng)上前攀談。如果普魯弗洛克能夠行動(dòng)起來，將他人納入生活的話，他很可能會(huì)和該詩的讀者一樣，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己是多么的精于言辭。人們會(huì)折服于他的錦繡文章和絕妙文才。如果普魯弗洛克能夠大聲唱出他的情歌，女士們一定會(huì)帶他發(fā)現(xiàn)他所不了解的事情。由于女士們能為普魯弗洛克揭示他的才能，所以我們確實(shí)需要他人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。

從他人對(duì)自己的看法中受益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可不只跟虛構(gòu)人物的情歌有關(guān)。兩天前是我們小組學(xué)生的美術(shù)課作業(yè)交稿日，作業(yè)是一幅自畫像。大部分學(xué)生帶來了自己的照片。然而，一個(gè)男生空手而來，并且遞給我們每人一張紙條。他讓我們每人寫一個(gè)詞形容他。我們完成以后，他把這些詞粘在一張大紙上。這對(duì)他來說一定是一次發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅，因?yàn)榭匆娭T如“刻薄”，“尖酸”之類的形容詞，他震驚了。對(duì)這位男生來說，他從未認(rèn)識(shí)到在別人眼里他是怎樣的個(gè)性。雖然他可能并不認(rèn)為自己“刻薄”，但朋友的評(píng)論顯然表明他是這樣的。這位男生的啟示清楚地證明了，我們需要?jiǎng)e人的幫助以認(rèn)識(shí)自己。

三、得分點(diǎn)詳解

1fectively and insightfully develops a point of view on the issue and demonstrates outstanding critical thinking, using clearly appropriate examples, reasons, and other evidence to support its position

圍繞論題有效、深刻地發(fā)展一個(gè)論點(diǎn)，運(yùn)用貼切的事例、因果分析和其他證據(jù)支持論點(diǎn)，從而展示出色的思辨能力。

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